Jonathan Swift s A Modest Proposal - 1809 Words

Jonathan Swift’s A Modest Proposal is a satirical essay that sardonically uses an outrageous solution to the massive poverty in Ireland. He proposes this lengthy idea of eating children as the solution to the society’s problems. His serious yet hyperbolic and satirical style allows Swift an approach to get people engaged in the difficulties the Irish had to do to survive their everyday life. This essay explores Swift’s ability to use literary devices and how these techniques advance his idea about the lack of morale by asking: How and to what extent does Jonathan Swift use satire to highlight the heartless attitudes of society towards the poor Irish families in A Modest Proposal? The scope of the essay is limited to the work done by Jonathan Swift, A Modest Proposal, a literary criticism, an online literary glossary, as well as two more sources on Ireland’s historical events. The essay concludes that Swift effectively uses insincerity, irony, and rhetorical exaggeration to reveal his annoyance of politicians, papists, and overall citizens of poverty-stricken Ireland in the late seventeenth century. Jonathan Swift states that the people, politicians, and English were all to be at fault for the terrible state and poverty of Ireland, making it clear that the main target of the essay is not the condition of Ireland, but rather the can-do spirit of the times that led people to devise a number of illogical schemes that would purportedly solve social and economic problems. ForShow MoreRelatedJonathan Swift s A Modest Proposal996 Words   |  4 PagesJonathan Swift, 18th century writer and political activist, published â€Å"A Modest Proposal† in 1729 in the midst of turmoil in his home country of Ireland. Under British rule Irish citizens were left destitute and neglected, giving Swift the inspiration for â€Å"A Modest Proposal†. Jonathan Swift’s use of Aristotle s modes of persuasion and straight-faced satire broke Ireland s silence, calling out affluent members of British society and religious hierarchy alike, creating one of the most influentialRead MoreJonathan Swift s A Modest Proposal971 Words   |  4 PagesJonathan Swift is a well known writer who wrote Gulliver s Travels and many more lesser known works. A Modest Proposal by Jonathan Swift can be used to argue many things. The work itself is a pamphlet to that explains how one could go about the famine in Ireland. He suggests by his title that this will not be a over t he top or extreme suggestion instead being modest and understandable. The most notable part of his work however is the obscenity of it as he describes in detail what the benefitsRead MoreJonathan Swift s A Modest Proposal1008 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to Sparknotes, In the 1700’s, Ireland went through an economic depression as well as other problems in the country such as starvation, overpopulation and intolerable taxation by England. The families in Ireland could not afford to maintain their children therefore the children became a burden. Politicians did nothing to improve Ireland’s situation. These ongoing Problems in Ireland led Jonathan Swift to write,† A Modest Proposal.† In his essay, Swift uses satire to give rational but extremeRead MoreJonathan Swift s Modest Proposal1562 Words   |  7 PagesEmpire. Thesis: Jonathan Swift s Modest Proposal is the most effective in conveying its proposal against Imperialism as a universal theme. Directional Statement: Jonathan Swift s Modest Proposal successfully uses evidence to support its proposal and an effective style of writing. It also presents a clearly defined problem and solution compared to George Orwell s â€Å"Shooting an Elephant† and Thomas Jefferson s â€Å"Declaration of Independence†. Point 1: Swift s Modest Proposal effectively usesRead MoreAnalysis Of Jonathan Swift s A Modest Proposal956 Words   |  4 Pagesissue for the Irish and became a topic of satire ridicule for writers. Specifically, Jonathan Swift demonstrates mockery of this time in one of his written works, â€Å"A Modest Proposal.† The speaker proposes to shift the issues of over population and poverty to a business like mentality by paying woman to bare children and then after a year, gaining a profit by selling and eat their children. The speaker’s proposal to consume the children of Ireland demonstrates a satirical solution to the Irish’s economicRead MoreJonathan Swift s Modest Proposal850 Words   |  4 PagesJonathon Swift â€Å"Modest Proposal† is shocking satire that is supposed to bring to light the ill state of the Irish nation during the time period. Swift was making a point that the state that Ireland was in a major economic crisis and was overpopulated and was in a dire need of a solution, so he propose one. But even though this was written many years ago we can still draw inspiration form it today. The essay begins as a Proposal for a solution to the extreme poverty and over population of IrelandRead MoreJonathan Swift s A Modest Proposal1456 Words   |  6 PagesJonathan Swift was an Irish poet and satirist of the eighteenth century. Although the son of Englishmen, Swift was born and raised in Ireland. While living in Ireland, he witnessed the death of thousands of Irish due to starvation which was caused due to crop failure. Swift, who wasn’t even personally affected by the issue, acknowledged that the death of the Irish population which he argues was caused because of the neglect of English landowners. Instead of allowing for the issue to continue to beRead MoreJonathan Swift s A Modest Proposal1859 Words   |  8 Pagessuperiority (Holmes). The satirical literary device was at its peak during the Neoclassical Period in which the enlightenment writer, Jonathan Swift, was exceptional at this writing style (Jokinen). He excelled at rebuking Britain’s flaws an d pointed out the hypocrisy at the time by extensive ridicule of the conventual school of thought. Jonathan Swift’s, A Modest Proposal is an inspiration to many aspiring satirical authors, as he is admired as a rhetorical virtuoso that shed light on the profuse moralRead MoreAnalysis of Jonathan Swift ´s A Modest Proposal Essay532 Words   |  3 Pagesdone, the issue hasn’t been fazed a bit. From Jonathan Swift’s Modest Proposal, he clarifies the poverty issued throughout Ireland in the early 1700’s and how one suggestion could change it all. Elaborated from the Literary Reference Center, â€Å"A Modest Proposal, like Gulliver’s Travels, transcends the political, social, and economic crisis that gave birth to it, woeful as they were. Packed with irony and satirical revelations of the human condition†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Swift wasn’t just writing a masterpiece, but an intendedRead MoreCollectivism Vs. Individualism : The Unknown Citizen And Jona than Swift s A Modest Proposal1783 Words   |  8 Pagespolitically, with emphasis on the role a person takes in society, or philosophically- what makes a person think collectively or individually. Even though one might say that both theories are important, both W.H. Auden s The Unknown Citizen and Jonathan Swift s A Modest Proposal reflect criticisms of collectivism and promotes individualism. There are two main types of collectivism: â€Å"horizontal collectivism† and â€Å"vertical collectivism†. Collectivism has been characterized as horizontal collectivism

Structures and Maximizing Profits Free Essays

Market structures play an important role in the economy today. The strategic and profit maximizing concepts are determined by the type of market structure. â€Å"Market structure is best defined as the organizational and other characteristics of a market. We will write a custom essay sample on Structures and Maximizing Profits or any similar topic only for you Order Now † (Riley, 2006) Competitive markets, monopolies, and oligopolies three of the four market structures in the economy. A competitive market or perfect competitive market is a market that has many buyers and sellers that do not influence prices. An example of a competitive market would be the street vendors selling bottled water along the sidewalk of a tourist attracted city. There are likely to be many vendors and buyers alike. Most notably the influence of each vendors input on price is low. The opposite of a competitive market is a monopoly. Monopolies affect the economy with considerable control over supply and price. The definition of monopoly is when the single seller of a product controls its market and does not allow competition. Local telephone, cable, and water, which are a natural monopoly, are examples of monopolies. Each of the companies has complete control for the distribution of their products or services in regards to supply and prices. Oligopolies are types of imperfect competition in the market structure. An oligopoly is where only a few sellers offer similar or identical products. Consider watching a basketball game at any level of competition. The athletic wear, footwear, and accessories worn by players are more than likely Nike, Addidas, or Reebok. These companies sell products that are similar and are for the same purpose, yet they are not identical. This type of market structure is also known as monopolistic competition. Oligopolies have considerable control over some of the prices of the products they sell. The characteristic of each market structure are important to understand the role of each structure. The determination of price in terms of maximizing profits is best understood by following the rules of production in a given market. Profit maximizing for a company or firm is utilized by using the company’s profit maximizing output level. This is when the marginal cost is the same as the product price. When a company offers products in new locations the marginal cost of the products of the new locations is a part of the marginal cost. That would be an example of a company opting to profit maximizes their production ased on change of total cost to accomplish more profit. Another consideration of a profit maximizing rule is when marginal cost equals price. A company attempting to profit will manage this rule closely to determine profitability. The average total cost of a good is the deciding factor in profit maximizing where marginal cost equals price and marginal cost increases. Monopolist market companies maximize profits by following the rule marginal revenue equals marginal cost. Marginal revenue is the change in total revenue that results from a change in output. Companies that are the single producer of a product will want to maximize their total revenue. Costs of production are low therefore marginal revenue will equal cost. Competitive markets, monopolies, and oligopolies have profit maximizing rules that compare price to marginal revenue, marginal cost, and average total cost to determine profit gain. Each market consists of barriers of entry. One of the reasons for entry is the encouragement of successful gain of profits from other companies. Consider the local and national fast food hamburger restaurants. McDonalds began as one of the first restaurants of its type followed by chains such as Wendy’s and Burger King. That is an example of monopolist competition at its best. A discouragement or barrier for entry into certain market structures is through law and regulations. Creating anti-trust laws are detrimental to the formation of monopolies and their continued growth. There are three examples of business practices that present a dilemma for business entry. Resale price maintenance is the setting of a product price is contracted by the wholesaler for the retailer to sell at that given price. If the price is set from the wholesaler competition is suspended because of the price being uncontrolled by the retailer. The next business practice involves market power. A company that possesses market power has control of setting and changing prices without losing customers or altering the entire market. These companies are also referred to as price setters. â€Å"Firms with market power normally use that power to raise prices above the competition level. † (Mankiw) Predatory pricing is a debatable topic in terms of entry into a market and regulated policies. The third type of a business entry barrier is tying. Tying forces smaller businesses to strategize products based on the market power and price discrimination practices of manufacturers. There are four other barrier entry provisions for various markets. First, there is the denial of entry into a market or the lack of possible competition. Next, a company may own a key resource that provides exclusive rights to that market. Another point is when the government allows a single seller the right to produce or provide certain goods. Finally, the cost of production equals a single producer being more efficient versus the cost of production via a large number of producers. The characteristics, price determinations, and barriers of entry into competitive markets play essential roles in the economy. The characteristic of each market provides buyers and sellers to understand and make business decisions for the success of the economy. The economy as a whole benefits from how market structures abide by the rules and regulations of profit maximizing. References Mankiw, N. G. (2007). Principles of economics (4th Ed. ) Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning. Riley, Geoff. September. 2006. A2 markets Market systems. Market structures. Retrieved on January 22nd, 2012 from http://tutor2u. net/economics How to cite Structures and Maximizing Profits, Essay examples

Sustainability Auditing Reporting and Assurance

Question: Discuss about the Sustainability Auditing Reporting and Assurance. Answer: Introduction: There are a host of factors which can be identified in the case about One Tel which has direct relevance for the inherent risk concerned with financial reporting. One of first ones in this regards is the lack of management integrity which poses a sizable inherent risk in context of financial reporting. Due to lack of integrity on the part of management, it is highly likely that there is lack of transparency and also there are intentional impediments to access of information by the external auditor so that the wrongdoings and misrepresentations are not detected. Besides, the involvement of management in auditor appointment could directly lead to issues pertaining to auditor independence and hence diminish the overall audit work quality. Besides, direct intervention, it is likely that the auditor is not given requisite leeway and is under constant supervision of management which enhances the overall risk of misrepresentation in the financial statements (Purdy, 2010). The interference o f key management personnel cannot be ruled out as it is pivotal for the management to atleast match the shareholders expectations. Yet another factor that contributed to the increase in the financial reporting related inherent risk is the lack of knowledge possessed by the management coupled with their respective experience levels. As a result of this, it is highly likely that the financial statements so prepared may be misrepresented and the same would not be detected by the management. Besides, this also has indirect effect as efficient employees do not want to be associated with such a management and hence make an exit which makes the organisation more susceptible to frauds in reporting (Elder et al., 2011). The information provided in the case makes it apparent that there is lack of industry experience on behalf of the directors and thus this could directly as well as indirectly contribute to the increased risk of financial misrepresentation. Yet another factor which contributes to increased inherent risk levels in financial reporting domain is the high management involvement. Hence, this could potentially lead to financial misrepresentation which has support from the highest echelons and therefore difficult to rectify internally. As a result of these frauds, it is quite possible that in the long run, the company may face issues related to liquidity and may face bankruptcy. This risk is worsened because of the linkage established between EPS (Earnings per Share) and the remuneration drawn from the various top management executives. The concentration of power is evident from the case study relating to One Tel and clearly this leads to enhanced inherent risk (Covello et al., 2012). Further this power concentration leads to the higher chances of mismanagement as the board reviews are superficial and thus ineffective. At the time of entry, any new player tends to experience a high degree of inherent risk due to its quest for revenue generation and brand building amongst the consumers. In addition, the transactions with related party particularly management and their companies also increase the inherent risk associated with reporting (Tuncel and Alpan, 2010). Based on the information provided, it is apparent that One Tel is a relatively new entrant in the telecommunication industry which is highly competitive due to the presence of players such as Vodafone and Telstra. As a result, there is significant degree of uncertainty as to whether the company would be able to create a niche for itself or not. Also, the fact that the company has a host of offices for operational reasons also tends to enhance the overall financial statements complexity. Usually, such issues need to be faced using a domain expert but if the management does ahead and makes attempts to manage internally, the likelihood of misrepr esentation may rise (Junior et al., 2014). With regards to One Tel, it is apparent that the company is experiencing pressure with regards to revenue creation and branding which may enhance the likelihood for misreporting so as to satiate the shareholders (Griffiths, 2012). Besides, the management also exerts pressure on the personnel who are directly involved in the financial statements preparation. One of the common ways to achieve the same is through time pressure which can potentially enhance the likelihood for errors. This pressure is also apparent in One Tel based on the case study given and therefore enhances the overall inherent risk. Additionally, management pressure may also require alterations in the financial statements with the intent of incentive maximisation. The management does not always overstate the EPS and may also understate the EPS so as to being the stock price down and hence accumulate huge piles of stocks which could be liquidated at an opportune time (Merna and Al-Thani, 2011). Besides, the impact of underlying economic conditions on the misrepresentation in the financial statements cannot be undermined. Besides, at times, the management intentionally uses calculations that are complex in nature which ensures that there is high risk with regards to interpretation of the information contained in the financial statements. Besides, with consideration to the ever evolving technology in the telecom industry, there is high likelihood of inventory misstatement primarily caused due to high rate of inventory obsolescence thus leading to losses (Knechel et al., 2012). In order to hide these losses, it is quite possible that the management engages in financial statement misrepresentation thereby adding to the overall inherent risk. Therefore, from the above discussion, it may be inferred that high amount of inherent risk in relation to financial reporting is caused by excess management interference and control besides lack of integrity on their part which is worsened by limited exposure to the industry. Besides, these factors tend to lead to the interference with unbiased and efficient working of various control measure and hence contribute to the risk. Additionally, the situation also worsens due to the industry dynamics and One Tel being a new entrant in the space. Hence, immediate measures need to be considered by the company in order to manage these burgeoning sources of inherent risk which could prove disastrous for the company going forward (Louwers et al., 2013). In relation to the inherent risk with regards to the account balance, one of the potential risk is the likelihood of usage of faulty practices and procedures on part of the auditor which eventually would lead to higher misrepresentation risk in the various balances pertaining to different accounts (Arens et al., 2010). In line with the information provided, it is clear that the management tends to have a high interference with regards to the auditor appointment and the functioning of the same especially in terms of the available information and hence leads to high incidence of inherent risk related to account balances misstatement dictated by the self-serving intention of the management. Further, the account balances are adjusted so that the true extent of losses are hidden from the shareholders and the company ends up indicating high profits that support the share price and hence result in high inherent risk of balances misstatement. The high stock prices enable the management to arrange for incremental financing by way of equity dilution. It is apparent based on the case facts provided that the company for making new clients is offering very low prices which commercially are not viable and hence leading to humongous losses which could not be reflected in the financial statements as it would dent the investor confidence in the stock and would have adverse impact on the incentives of the key executives (Hayes et al., 2014). Based on the current industry position of the company, another critical aspect which requires to be highlighted is the accounts receivable balance which is particularly susceptible n the given environment. The main intention of inflating this could be to highlight the fact that company has indeed generated revenue which would be collected over due period of time. Thus, this gives the impression to the shareholders that indeed the companys business indeed is successful with regards to revenue generation and market penetration (Alali and Yeh, 2012). For a new player like One Tel, clearly this poses significant inherent risk dedicated towards the aim of generation of revenue for business. It is imperative that once the account receivables are stated, they must be promptly converted into cash but it is highly unlikely for the company that this transformation would actually take place. As a result, overdue on the account receivables would tend to swell. This is apparent for One Tel company and thereby hints towards the manipulation of financial statements pertaining to the performance of the company which has been misstated with the intention of misguiding the potential and current investors in the company. One of the contributory reasons for the same are the lacklustre controls (both internal and external) whose efficiency has been hampered due to interference from the management (Florea and Florea, 2012). Yet another risk that is faced is with relation to the account balance of inventory which can potentially be misstated considering the innate nature of the industry where technology obsolescence is common. Hence, it is likely that inventory after a particular time duration would lose value as the users tend to switch to a new technology and therefore losses are encountered by the company which instead of being captured in the financial statements are actually concealed. Also, the processing system functioning at the One Tel company is not effective and its dynamics are not fully appreciated or understood by the users but attempts have been made by the company to hide the same (Griffiths, 2012). Also, in relation to the inventory account balance being misrepresented, the impact of the same would also be reflected in the COGS (Cost of Goods Sold) and hence the income statement would be misrepresented at each level thus undermining the accuracy and utility of financial statements (Bratt en et al., 2013). This is apparently one of the concerns being faced by the company. With regards to the going concern principle, the intention is to establish the continuity of the business in the foreseeable future taking into consideration the underlying liquidity and solvency issues that may be confronting the business. Depending upon the underlying level of risk associated with the given business, the going concern has three main levels i.e. low, medium and high which is indicative of chances of continuity of business (Knechel et al., 2012). For arriving at a conclusion in this regard, it is required that operational financial review of the business must be done keeping in mind the long term horizon. The parameters that reflect upon the operational performance of the business can opine on the likely impact of various business actions or situations that crop up. For example, in the case of any major dealer leaving the dealership of the company, the firm would be impacted and the same needs to be ascertained with regards to the going concern level. Further, the firms during its operations must function in a manner that is consistent with the law of the land so as to ensure that legal liabilities are minimised and thus do not lead to the business liquidation. With regards to company i.e. One Tel, since the prime focus is on customer acquisition being the new entrant, hence the underlying technology along with marketing initiatives are key to the determination of the going concern of the company going ahead (Vona, 2012). Also, the balance sheet of the company tends to highlight the outstanding liabilities for the company and the asset level it has to meet these liabilities on a sustainable basis which enables an opinion on going concern. Additional factor is the extent of leverage as the business operational cash flows should be sufficient to meet the interest and repayment liabilities associated with the same. In case, that the companys balance sheet has high outstanding debts which the company cannot afford to pay based on the assets that it has, it clearly indicates that for the business there is low going concern since the business may become insolvent. Also, the dividend payment along with prompt repayment of debt acts as critical factors for determination of level of going concern (Arens et. al., 2013). References: Alali, FA Yeh, CL 2012, Cloud computing: Overview and risk analysis, Journal of Information Systems, Vol. 26, No.2, pp.13-33. Arens, A, Best, P, Shailer, G Fiedler,I 2010, Auditing, Assurance Services and Ethics in Australia, 3rd eds., Pearson Australia, Sydney. Bratten, B, Gaynor, LM, McDaniel, L, Montague, NR Sierra, GE 2013, The audit of fair values and other estimates: The effects of underlying environmental, task, and auditor-specific factors.Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory,Vol. 32, No.1, pp.7-44. Covello, VT, Flamm, WG, Rodricks, JV, Tardiff, RG (Eds.) 2012, The analysis of actual versus perceived risks(Vol. 1). Springer Science Business Media, Berlin Elder, RJ, Beasley, MS, Arens, AA 2011,Auditing and Assurance services, 4th eds., Pearson Higher Education, London Florea, R Florea, R 2012, The Implications of Inherent Risks' Assessment in Audit Risk Limitation.Economy Transdisciplinarity Cognition, Vol. 15, No.1, p.45 Griffiths, MP 2012, Risk-based auditing, 2nd eds., Gower Publishing, Ltd, London Hayes, R, Wallage, P, Gortemaker, H 2014,Principles of auditing: an introduction to international standards on auditing, 3rd eds., Pearson Higher Education, London Junior, RM, Best, PJ Cotter, J 2014, Sustainability reporting and assurance: a historical analysis on a world-wide phenomenon.Journal of Business Ethics,Vol. 120, No.1, pp.1-11. Knechel, WR, Krishnan, GV, Pevzner, M, Shefchik, LB Velury, UK 2012, Audit quality: Insights from the academic literature.Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory,Vol. 32, No.1, pp.385-421. Louwers, TJ, Ramsay, RJ, Sinason, DH, Strawser, JR, Thibodeau, JC 2013,Auditing and assurance services, 4th eds., McGraw-Hill, New York Purdy, G 2010, ISO 31000: 2009setting a new standard for risk management.Risk analysis,Vol. 30, No.6, pp.881-886. Tuncel, G Alpan, G 2010, Risk assessment and management for supply chain networks: A case study.Computers in industry, Vol. 61, No.3, pp.250-259. Vona, LW 2012,Fraud risk assessment: Building a fraud audit program, 4th eds., John Wiley Sons, New York.

Religious Teachings Carl Barth

Introduction Church Dogmatic refers to the works of Carl Barth on various doctrines of God. Theology has received a massive attention from researchers since the inception of formal learning. For a long time, various individuals have been concerned with the ability to understand God. God works in a special way.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Religious Teachings: Carl Barth – Church Dogmatic specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It has been in the interest of many scholars to create a clear understanding of the values of God. It is also their concern to help explain how human beings should relate to God.1 Carl Barth was one of the scholars who dedicated his entire live in trying to explain how this relationship works by coming up with doctrines to help clarify the issue. Theologians in the current society have increasingly found the work of this scholar highly valuable. The work of Pope Pius has had a h uge impact on the current practice of many theologians, as his principles were found to be very relevant. Although there were times when his views were nearly forgotten, current scholars have revived them with a huge impact. The works of this scholar are not only relevant to the Catholics but also to other religions. According to many contemporary scholars, the works of Carl Barth are important to both the Catholics and Protestants2. This is because of the focus of the scholar. The focus of his works is on Jesus Christ. He strongly believes that all religious matters start with Jesus. He observes that for an individual to understand Christianity, he or she must have an understanding of Jesus. Lack of proper understanding of Jesus would be a clear indicator that the individual lacks knowledge of the Christian religion. The second focus is on ethics. This scholar sums the teachings of Jesus as Ethics. Since Jesus knew that God works in an ethical way, he observed all religious princip les. Jesus’ teachings were based on acting ethically. When he was leaving the earth, he left only one commandment to be followed by all. The commandment was that people should love one another. This was meant to ensure that societies maintain ethics. When people develop love towards others, they maintain high ethical standards. Therefore, all other commandments would be automatically followed. This study seeks to unearth the assertiveness of the church as taught by Carl Barth. Thesis Statement Barth’s work was based on two fundamental factors, which are ethics and Jesus Christ. The work of this scholar is relevant to both the protestant and Catholic churches. This study is focused on analyzing his work and determining its relevance in the contemporary work.Advertising Looking for research paper on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Scholars in the contemporary world can utilize the views of Barth to bring about unity and understanding in society. Church wrangles are not good for Christians. Church leaders fight in the public implying that they serve their own interests. The views of Barth, particularly on ethics, can help in ending wrangles. Need for Research Theology is one of the most developed fields of study. It is through the guidance of the spiritual leaders that the peace can be maintained in the society. According to this scholar, religion plays a very important role in society3. Some societies have been associated with certain acts because of the kind of religion they practice.4 Therefore, a sound religious understanding based on the teachings of Jesus can help maintain cohesion in the society. According to the report by this scholar, as the number of theologians increase around the world, evil deeds also increase5. Many people around the world are intolerant to the behavior of others. The results are deaths and other atrocities committed against the innocent. The churches today are no longer speaking in the same language. What one church upholds is exactly the doctrine the other church abhors. This has led to huge confusion in our current churches as leaders publicly disagree even on some fundamental principles. For instance, for a long time, Catholic priests have not been marrying. This has been one of the most important fundamental principles of this church. However, some of the catholic leaders have come out to oppose this principle. This brings about a lot of confusion to church members who trust and believe in their leaders6. The Bible talks about homosexuality, especially the cases of Sodom and Gomorrah. However, some leaders of the church support this behavior right inside the church. This brings a lot of confusion. There is need for proper guidance in the church. The society should be guided by religious values regarding what should be done and what should be avoided7. All these relate to ethics and the teachings of Jesus. Jesus gave a bar on how followers should behave.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Religious Teachings: Carl Barth – Church Dogmatic specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is what we need to emulate. Ethics and the teachings of Jesus have been brought out in the scholarly works of Carl Barth. It was therefore very important to undertake research in order to avoid current confusions and bring harmony in our current society8. It is important to shed more light on some of the fundamental issues in the church. Some church leaders are taking advantage of the confusion to introduce some habits that are bringing even further confusion. Discussion Carl Barth’s teachings were based on two main principles that closely guided his research work. This scholar was concerned about bringing a clear understanding of the forces around the world, which made people behave in a certain manner. He evaluated the relevance of people’s behavior in relation to the teachings of Jesus and the Bible’s message9. Carl Barth went against some of the principles of renowned scholars. In his first volume, he discussed the doctrine of Gog’s word. He tried to give the revelation of God. In God’s word, there was power. The word of God sets out to members of the church to help them in understanding the best practices in life. In the current society, it is very important to follow the word of God. Failing to follow his word may lead human beings into many sufferings. In his second volume of the doctrines of the word of God, the scholar brings out incantation of God’s word10. He explores the role and nature of the scripture. The scripture is the word of God because men of God wrote it after being inspired by God himself. In fact, Barth says that the authors of all the books in the Bible were writing the message given to them by God. A clear point is the Book of Revelation. In this book , God himself revealed to John the activities that would take place before the world would end11. The message in this book may be a little more challenging to understand because unlike other books talking about history, this book talks about the future. It would only be through God himself that God’s servant, John, could understand the future. In Exodus 20, God talks directly to Moses giving him the Ten Commandments. It is a clear demonstration that the Bible is the word of God.Advertising Looking for research paper on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Given this fact, how then should we approach the bible? Some scholars have argued that there are some little contradictions between the old and the New Testament12. Of point to note is the ‘eye for an eye’ law that existed in the Mosaic Law. This was quite contrary to the teachings of Jesus. Jesus teaches his disciples that they should forgive seventy by seven times when wronged by an individual. How then would the same bible encourage forgiveness while there is a law that demands that the punishment should be meeting evil with an equal evil? However, Barth dispels these contradictions in his work saying that the followers should follow the teachings of Jesus13. This scholar says that when such contradictions arise in any parts of the bible, the guiding light should be ethics. The bible is based on ethics. Before acting in any given manner, the guiding light should be the ethics. In fact, this scholar argues that the bible has no contradiction at all unless one looks at it from a facial value. The bible records that during different times, there were different situations that demanded different actions. Barth argues that those different moments called for different actions from people. When God gave the Israelites commandments in the wilderness and other laws, it was supposed to help them to manage the challenges in the wilderness. This scholar notes that God gave the Israelites the power to kill their enemies. However, the commandments state that we should not kill. The message is clear and therefore it should not be interpreted differently. When he said that we should not kill, he was helping us to appreciate the fact that we should live as protectors of one another in society14. Procedure of the Study This study focuses on the works of Carl Barth. Carl Birth wrote a number of volumes of books, each with different approach. In this study, the researcher has focused on two main principles that Carl Barth held in his teachings. The study will anal ytically evaluate the teachings of Carl Barth on Jesus and ethics and determine how they lead to the generation of other principles. This scholar talks about the word of God, creation, and reconciliation among other principles. However, they all revolve around the two principles of Jesus’ teachings and ethics. This study will therefore relate the two main principles and the doctrines that this scholar bases his teachings on. Barth’s View of Trinity Barth’s work was considered revolutionary, given the then held beliefs. Barth’s work was a huge shift from what existed before. Many have considered the work of this scholar a little controversial15. It has been very challenging to understand the arguments of this scholar concerning trinity. By the time Barth started his work, trinity was not a new thing in the theological field. Several scholars had discussed it and many had given their view on the same. The work of Barth shows that he did not change the perce ption but gave it a new position. He gave trinity a front position in his work dubbed church dogmatic. His modalism approach has particularly received massive criticism from various fronts. His perception towards the use of the word ‘person’ has been a shift from what had been the norm for a long time. He dismissed tritheism as a heresy and baseless reasoning that could not hold in the current society16. Barth argued that God is one, and therefore he should be referred to as a mode of being. This way, he argues that people will eliminate any misunderstanding among themselves, Christian scholars, and even the leaders. Comparing Baths Findings and the Contemporary Thought of Knowledge Bath’s findings have proven to be very relevant in the contemporary world. In the current society, many theological scholars have found relevance in the teachings of Carl Birth. Carl Birth emphasized on two main issues for his readers. The first one was Jesus. This scholar says that J esus’ teachings should be the basis of learning for the current scholars. He says that Jesus taught the word of God with an open mind. He holds that when understanding the teachings of Jesus, one should have an open mind. Religion should not be considered a burden17. It is not meant to punish the believers by imposing retrogressive rules on the faithful. The teachings of Jesus and religion for that matter are meant to help people live in peace. Religion explains how people should relate with one another to ensure peaceful coexistence. For this reason therefore, the current society should be weary of the religion that is oppressive. Religion that dictates oppressive rules on its followers should be avoided at all costs18. The religion should help people live peacefully and happily. In this regard, religion should not deny people happiness. The second basis of Carl Barth’s work is on ethics. Ethics is the core of the religion according to the teachings of Barth. Religion and ethics are inseparable. Barth argues that religion teaches one to behave ethically19. In all the teachings of this scholar, he has emphasized the need for all societal members, especially the leaders, to maintain ethics in all their actions. It is important that a spiritual leader base his teachings on the ethical grounds other than on some of the Mosaic laws that have become archaic20. Some laws that were given to Moses during their journey to the Promised Land may not apply in the current world. It would therefore be important to ensure that ethics and religion are viewed as one. Conclusion Carl Birth was one of the greatest theologians in the twentieth century. His work has widely been considered very useful in the contemporary world. This theologian dedicated his life to writing books and other articles on various aspects of religion. Church dogmatic is a comprehensive work done by this scholar about the church and its relevance to the society. This scholar based his work o n two factors. The first factor was Jesus Christ. On this front, he held that everything starts with Jesus. The foundation would start with Jesus and then other factors would come afterwards. Jesus is the rock upon which Christian religion is based. One may not understand Christianity without understanding Jesus himself. By understanding Jesus, one would be in a position to understand his principles and therefore the principles of Christianity. Ethics, according to this scholar, is not separable from religion. It is important to appreciate the fact that religion is an attempt to shape the habit of people. The scholar holds that a careful analysis of the teachings of Jesus is based on ethics. He gave a lot of priority on ethical behavior, and never allowed any of his disciples to be swayed otherwise. A society that respects religion and maintains ethics is the one that would easily be prosperous and very peaceful. It is important that as a Christian, and based on the teachings of Car l Barth, one should strive to understand the teachings of Jesus and relate them to ethics. As discussed above, there should be an effort to ensure that ethics and religion are blended. It would be baseless to maintain a religious lifestyle without observing religious standards. In the society, the two are inseparable and therefore should be treated as one. This way, one would be in a position to lead a successful Christian life. Bibliography Baker, Benson. Crucial Moments: The 12 Most Important Events in Black Adventism. Hagerstown: Review and Herald, 2005. Cranfield, Christe. The Gospel According to St. Mark: An Introduction and Commentary. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1963. Dowd, Samuel. Reading Mark: A Literary and Theological Commentary. Macon: Smyth Helwys, 2000. France, Richard. The Gospel of Mark: A Commentary on the Greek Text. New International Greek Commentary. Grand Rapids. Mich: Eerdmans, 2002. Gundry, Rose. Mark: A Commentary on His Apology for the Cross. Gra nd Rapids, Mich: Eerdmans, 1993. Hooker, Moses. The Gospel According to St. Mark. Black’s NT Commentary. Peabody: Hendrickson, 1991. Iersel, Brander. Van. Mark: A Reader-Response Commentary. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1988. Mitchell, Jane. Beyond Fear and Silence: A Feminist-Literary Reading of Mark. New York: Continuum, 2001. Myers, Cheiatine. Binding the Strong Man: A Political Reading of Mark’s Story of Jesus. New York: Orbis, 2008. Nineham, Emily. Saint Mark. Pelican Gospel Commentary. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1964. Witherington, Boaz. The Gospel of Mark: A Socio-Rhetorical Commentary. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2001. Footnotes 1 Witherington, Boaz. The Gospel of Mark: A Socio-Rhetorical Commentary. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2001. Print. P. 78 2 Myers, Cheiatine. Binding the Strong Man: A Political Reading of Mark’s Story of Jesus. New York: Orbis, 2008. Print. P.16 3 Nineham, Emily. Saint Mark. Pelican Gospel Commentary. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1964. Pr int. P. 56 4 Mitchell, Jane. Beyond Fear and Silence: A Feminist-Literary Reading of Mark. New York: Continuum, 2001. Print. P.43 5 Mitchell, Jane. Beyond Fear and Silence: A Feminist-Literary Reading of Mark. New York: Continuum, 2001. Print. P. 42 6 Iersel, Brander. Van. Mark: A Reader-Response Commentary. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1988. Print. P.34 7 Mitchell, Jane. Beyond Fear and Silence: A Feminist-Literary Reading of Mark. New York: Continuum, 2001. Print. P.56 8 Myers, Cheiatine. Binding the Strong Man: A Political Reading of Mark’s Story of Jesus. New York: Orbis, 2008. Print. P.46 9 Hooker, Moses. The Gospel According to St. Mark. Black’s NT Commentary. Peabody: Hendrickson. 1991. Print. P. 112 10 Gundry, Rose. Mark: A Commentary on His Apology for the Cross. Grand Rapids, Mich: Eerdmans, 1993. Print. P. 51 11 France, Richard. The Gospel of Mark: A Commentary on the Greek Text. New International Greek Commentary. Grand Rapids. Mich: Eerdmans, 2002. Print. P. 67 12 France, Richard. The Gospel of Mark: A Commentary on the Greek Text. New International Greek Commentary. Grand Rapids. Mich: Eerdmans, 2002. Print. P. 94 13 Dowd, Samuel. Reading Mark: A Literary and Theological Commentary. Macon: Smyth Helwys, 2000. Print. P. 71 14 Cranfield, Christe. The Gospel According to St. Mark: An Introduction and Commentary. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1963. Print. P. 62 15 Baker, Benson. Crucial Moments: The 12 Most Important Events in Black Adventism. Hagerstown: Review and Herald, 2005. Print. P 40 16 Witherington, Boaz. The Gospel of Mark: A Socio-Rhetorical Commentary. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2001. Print.p. 129 17 Nineham, Emily. Saint Mark. Pelican Gospel Commentary. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1964. Print. P. 67 18 Nineham, Emily. Saint Mark. Pelican Gospel Commentary. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1964. Print. P. 126 19 Myers, Cheiatine. Binding the Strong Man: A Political Reading of Mark’s Story of Jesus. New York: Orbis, 2008. Print. P. 28 20Cranfield, Christe. The Gospel According to St. Mark: An Introduction and Commentary. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1963. Print. P. 39 This research paper on Religious Teachings: Carl Barth – Church Dogmatic was written and submitted by user Eliza Hogan to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Sample Conclusion of a Nutritional Assessment Essay

Sample Conclusion of a Nutritional Assessment EssayIn most cases, you will find that a sample conclusion of a nutritional assessment essay is a good thing to have if you are a student. When you write this type of paper, you are giving your opinion on the topics you choose. After you write, you will often be asked to write several papers and essays. Each one should come with a different conclusion.The general conclusion could be anything you want to include. If you were asked to write an essay for an elective, you could include the overall view of the subject as well as various other subjects to show the student's depth of understanding. You could even add a brief paragraph about a major aspect of the topic for emphasis.Many students are asked to write a paper or essay because of their student status, for example they are going to graduate in the next few months. There are many papers that are written to give the student's views on a topic that is very important.Many students write th ese papers to help them when they talk to others about their viewpoints. Often you will be asked to write a paper for an exam or homework assignment. When you write a paper for a test, you can't just decide to go with your honest opinion.In order to help you with this, you should know that you must be able to give an impartial point of view. A sample conclusion of a nutritional assessment essay can help you do this.When you write this type of paper, you should also consider how it will help your student's perspective. Sometimes the student's viewpoint is not in alignment with what you have decided. There are many ways to achieve this.For example, maybe the student is a vegetarian, and you are required to write about the meat industry. You need to make sure that you have an impartial point of view for this type of paper. You may also be asked to write for an essay for a teacher-student council meeting.

Muriels wedding essays

Muriels wedding essays Muriels Wedding is a stereotypical view at the image of weddings and marriages. Throughout the movie the idea that a wedding heals nothing is strongly imprinted by Muriel and various weddings and marriages. The movie is about personal growth and acceptance as reflected by the change in some characters that remain constant and consistent throughout. At the opening scenes of the movie it quickly becomes apparent that Muriel is one of five struggling kids who are jobless and lifeless. Throughout the movie scenes cutting back to the kids give a picture that they have no real aim or objective in life with the exception of Muriel. The source of the problem lies heavily on the parents, Bill and Betty Heslop. Bill is constantly putting down the kids with such words as Youre all useless and Betty just seems to sit by and watch. All these scenes revolve around the theme of acceptance as shown at the end of the film when Muriel is talking to Bill. In this scene Muriel shows herself as a strong grown female who knows what she wants in her life. Muriel finally accepts her treacherous past of lies and deceit by confronting it with Bill symbolising personal growth. Muriels approach to marriage and love is equivalent to that of a six-year-old girl. For the duration of the movie Muriel refers to marriage as an escape from her life, a quick fix, a dream yet be known to Muriels self marriage is not what Muriel is looking for but the feeling of living, to be independent not dependent. Muriel begins to understand this after the death of her mother and the fake marriage to David Van Arckle. These scenes strongly represent the line of personal growth Muriel undertakes. A person that also portrayed acceptance and helps Muriel through her stage of personal growth is Rhonda. As soon as Muriel reunites with Rhonda on Hibiscus Island, Rhonda does not judge Muriel on her company or clothes but herself which is something ...

Siberian White Crane Facts

Siberian White Crane Facts The critically endangered Siberian white crane (Grus leucogeranus) is considered sacred to the people of Siberias arctic tundra, but its numbers are rapidly declining. It makes the longest migrations of any crane species, up to 10,000 miles round trip, and habitat loss along its migration routes is a major cause of the cranes population crisis. Fast Facts: Siberian white crane Scientific Name: Grus leucogeranusCommon Name: Siberian white craneBasic Animal Group: BirdSize: Height: 55 inches, Wingspan: 83 to 91 inchesWeight: 10.8 to 19 poundsLifespan: 32.3 years (female, average), 36.2 years (male, average), 82 years (in captivity)Diet: OmnivoreHabitat: Siberias arctic tundraPopulation: 2,900 to 3,000Conservation Status:  Critically Endangered Description Adult cranes faces are bare of feathers and brick-red in color. Their plumage is white except for the primary wing feathers, which are black. Their long legs are a deep pink color. Males and females are identical in appearance except for the fact that males tend to be slightly larger in size and females tend to have shorter beaks. Juvenile cranes faces are a dark red color, and the feathers of their heads and necks are a light rust color. Younger cranes have mottled brown and white plumage, and hatchlings are a solid brown color. EarnestTse/Getty Images Habitat and Range Siberian cranes nest in wetlands of the lowland tundra and taiga. They are the most aquatic of the crane species, preferring open expanses of shallow, freshwater with clear visibility in all directions. There are two remaining populations of the Siberian crane. The larger eastern population breeds in northeastern Siberia and winters along the Yangtze River in China. The western population winters at a single site along the south coast of the Caspian Sea in Iran and breeds just south of the Ob River east of the Ural Mountains in Russia. A central population once nested in western Siberia and wintered in India. The last sighting in India was documented in 2002. The historic breeding area of the Siberian crane extended from the Ural Mountains south to the Ishim and Tobol rivers, and east to the Kolyma region. Diet and Behavior At their breeding grounds in spring, cranes will eat cranberries, rodents, fish, and insects. While on migration and at their wintering grounds, cranes will dig roots and tubers from wetlands. They are known to forage in deeper water than other cranes. Reproduction Siberian Cranes are monogamous. They migrate to the Arctic tundra to breed in late April and early May. Mated pairs engage in calling and posturing as a breeding display. As part of this calling ritual, males draw their head and neck back into an S shape, says Animal Diversity Web. The female then joins in holding her head up and moving it up and down with each call in unison with the male. Females usually lay two eggs in the first week of June, after snowmelt. Both parents incubate the eggs for about 29 days. Chicks fledge at about 75 days and reach sexual maturity in three years. It is common for only one chick to survive due to aggression between siblings. Visage/Getty Images Threats Agricultural development, wetland drainage, oil exploration, and water development projects have all contributed to the decline of the Siberian crane. The western population in Pakistan and Afghanistan has been threatened by hunting more than the eastern, where the loss of wetland habitat has been more detrimental. Poisoning has killed cranes in China, and pesticides and pollution are known threats in India. Conservation Status The IUCN lists the Siberian crane as critically endangered. Indeed, it is on the brink of extinction. Its current population is estimated at 3,200 to 4,000. The largest threat to the Siberian crane is habitat loss, especially due to water diversions and conversion of wetlands to other uses as well as illegal hunting, trapping, poisoning, pollution, and environmental contamination. The IUCN and other sources say that the Siberian crane population is declining sharply. The Siberian crane is legally protected throughout its range and is protected from international trade by its listing on Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). Conservation Efforts Eleven states in the cranes historic range (Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, China, India, Iran, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Turkmenistan, Russia, and Uzbekistan) signed a Memorandum of Understanding under the Convention for Migratory Species in the early 1990s, and they develop conservation plans every three years. The United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) and the International Crane Foundation conducted the UNEP/GEF Siberian Crane Wetland Project from 2003 to 2009 to protect and manage a network of sites across Asia. Protected areas have been established at key sites and migratory stopovers in Russia, China, Pakistan, and India. Educational programs have been carried out in India, Pakistan, and Afghanistan. Three captive-breeding facilities have been set up and a number of releases have been made, with targeted efforts to reestablish the central population. From 1991 to 2010, 139 captive-bred birds were released at breeding grounds, migration stopovers, and wintering grounds. Russian scientists started the Flight of Hope project, using conservation techniques that have helped boost Whooping Crane populations in North America. The Siberian Crane Wetland Project was a six-year effort to sustain the ecological integrity of a network of globally important wetlands in four key countries: China, Iran, Kazakhstan, and Russia. The Siberian Crane Flyway Coordination enhances communication among the large network of scientists, governmental agencies, biologists, private organizations, and citizens involved with Siberian Crane conservation. Sources Grus  leucogeranus Siberian crane. Animal Diversity Web.â€Å"The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.†Ã‚  IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.International Crane Foundation. savingcranes.orgPariona, Amber. Population Of Siberian Cranes: Important Facts And Figures.  WorldAtlas, 26 July 2017.