Mark strand

So the poet I decided to do this on is Mark Strand. He was born in Canada in 1934 and grew up in different places in the United States. He studied at several universities including Antioch Ohio college, Yale, also the University of Florence on a Fulbright fellowship where he studied 19th century Italian poetry. When he was a child, he actually wasn't considered bright. He was a painter while studying at Yale, and a lot of people say that he creates a â€Å"painterly' image in his poetry because of the way he closely examines things.I found it really interesting that in an interview he said that he wasn't good with language as a child, and so the idea that he would one day become a poet would come as a huge shock for his family growing up. Strand felt deeply connected with the painter Edward Hopper. He wrote a book about his works, explaining the paintings in very expressive details. Strand definitely has a way of showing his passion for both art and poetry and combining the two.Hopp er was considered a very misunderstood, realist painter and Strand said that he eally connected with his â€Å"strangeness† and feels influenced by it. Strand's poetry has a very simple language to it. It sometimes borders on something beyond reality, in the way that he perceives the world. He wrote a lot of poems about dreams and disassociation from the world. He's written 14 books of poetry. He also writes a lot of life and death. Death, being what he considers the main point in lyrical poetry. What I really connect with Is the rhythm of this poem first of all.I actually enjoyed a ot of other poems by Strand but after we looked at Fishing on the susehanna river by Billy Collins, this intrigued me because it reminded me of that similar rhythm. I enjoy the repetition that things will always end but then continue to go on and return again. Theres this sadness in the earlier stanzas about how things Just stay the same, leave and come back again. The hopelessness of a mundane wo rld. In the end theres kind of a positive hopefulness where the people at the party don't think the night will end. They don't let it though the music stops. mark strand By Idramaqueenl

Enabling Learning and Assessment Essay

Description, use and evaluation of two different assessment activities. Assessment is the process of checking what the learner has learnt against what has been taught. Assessments are used as a diagnostic tool to establish entry level behaviour / academic ability, to help diagnose any addition learning disabilities and to determine the learners preferred learning styles. Assessments acts to motivate learners, and create additional learning opportunities. It is also Used to provide constructive feedback. Assessments are used to grade learners course work and is used as a quality assurance mechanism both internal (standardisation meeting) and external (External Verification by Awarding Body). Assessments ensure that standards are maintained, certificates achievements, helps facilitate progression and predicts future performance / selection. Wilson (2008:114) states that ‘You may use assessment to identify specific needs of learners and assessments should be an integral component of your teaching and lesson plan.’ Norm referencing or normative – this is one a learner is assessed against each other –the learners’ abilities is measured/ compared against the learners. This method is very common in educational establishments. Criterion referencing –learner has achieved a particular standard – the learner can either to the tasks, answer the question or use occupationally competent. This method is used in NVQ/ QCF . This tends to be a pass or fail approach. This style of assessment measures what the learner can do and will be given the appropriate support and guidance to achieve. Ipsative assessment –this method of assessment relies on the individual learner self assessing –whether their knowledge performance or ability meets the standards set. This will be used at the end of the programme. The learner will summarise his learning at the end of programme Formative assessment – this is also known as continuous assessment. It will allow the learner to determine their progress and improve where necessary. This can act as a motivational tool to the learner. Kolb learning styles advocates formative assessment as this will aid personal development and progression after the course of study. Summative assessment – this tends to take the form of tests for exams at the end of study. This tends to be a more formal way of assessing. The learner is tested on their skills and knowledge that once the learning has been completed. This form of assessment tends to put enormous pressure on  the learner and success is dependent on the final outcome of the test. Many learners find this quite anxious leading to learner apprehension. Observing a learner in their place of work would enable me to determine their level of occupational competence. As a health and social care assessor/ tutor, this form of assessment works best, any areas of discrepancy would be addressed when providing the learner with feedback. Observation assessment gives the learner the opportunity to demonstrate their knowledge and understanding. Wilson. (2008:114) states that ‘this is considered one of the best forms of assessment because there can be no doubts in the mind of the assessor that the learner knows how to do something.’ The learners tend to generally enjoy assignments due to the variety of each assignment. A marking guide for each assessment can be easily established for other tutors to mark and support learners. One has to be aware that Projects are learner driven and Assignments are tutor led. As a tutor, marking written questions requires a very detailed marking assessment (Reliability) plan to ensure transparency and fairness. Deciding what proportion of their work deserves what marks and areas relating to punctuation a, gramm ar and spelling needs to be address and shared with learners at the start of each written essay. In addition to the above, Oral questions allows me to directly assess the learners understanding of the subject matter (Authenticity). I have used this method when conducting Observations and when providing feed back to learners after they have completed their multiple Choice/ short answers. Some learners find it difficult to understand what is required from them when posed as a written question. By verbally repeating the question or re-phrasing the questions will give the learner the opportunity to add to their original answer (Differentiation). One has to be aware not to used leading or closed questions. As a tutor I need to be aware not to lead the learner and authenticity of the learner work can be questioned. With the learner permission, digital Dictaphones are often used which can be used to check authenticity (learners’ words and voice can be heard and validated). Learners tend to benefit from formative assessment activities throughout the duration of their course as it would provide opportunities to build on their strengths and provide additional opportunities to learn from their mistakes. A good assessment model should consist of the following clearly defined stages: Decide the intended learning Outcomes: Devise the assessment  task(s): Devise the learning activities. Reliability is an important element of all assessment models as it should ensure that assessors/ tutors acting independently using the same criteria and marking scheme would come to exactly the same judgement about a given piece of work. Explicit learning outcomes tend lead to achieving reliability as all assessors / tutors and learners follow the same learning outcomes. Reliability should: Ensure that same work should be awarded the same score .Secondly, Examiners / assessors award the same score to the same script if they score it again on a subsequent occasion. Finally, ensure that student get the same score in the test when it is administered at different times. Reliability can be increased by introducing a marking scheme for assessors especially for those assessments which have traditionally low reliabilities i.e. essays. It will not ensure that the essay will be marked in exactly the same way but will ensure the basis of the marking will be the same i.e. looking for the same things in each essay leading to increased reliability. Validity – Does the assessed task actually assess what you want to it to? There are different types of Validity .Content validity: Ensuring that the aims of the curriculum are in keeping with what the learner needs to know. One has to make sure that the learning objectives are remains closely linked to the learners desired learning outcomes otherwise the quality of the whole course could be brought into question. Secondly, Construct validity: ensuring that the assessment is closely linked to the desired learning outcomes of the course. Finally, Predictive validity: Ensuring that the performance of a student on assessments is closely related to their future performance on the predictive measure. Francis & Gould (2009:87) stated ‘The way in which the required information is delivered can also make a significant difference to the way in which it is received’ Reflect on feedback in assessment to inform learners’ progress and achievement Feedback is a process involving the tutor and learner. It is an opportunity for both parties to give constructive advice on their strengths and addressing weaknesses, as well as offering guidance and support, in order for future development to occur. Having a good rapport with your learner, helps in the feedback process. Francis & Gould (2009:87) stated ‘The most obvious of these is to have a good knowledge of the learners-their  previous knowledge and experience, their current levels of understanding, their aptitude for the subject’. The ‘Feedback Sandwich’ is a popular method of giving feedback whereby the tutor opens with a positive statement (reassures and relaxes learner) followed by a developmental statement (contribution from learner is sort during this stage) including area of concern, ending with a motivational closing statement (learner to identify their own are as of development). Francis & Gould (2009:105) stated ‘Good feedback acknowledges what the learner is doing correctly and identifies clearly and concisely what can be done to further improve performance’. This can be used as part of the learner assessment process. This can be either an informal or formal format. I tend to give weekly informal feedback after an assignment has been submitted followed by a formal 12 week Progress review. One must be aware of ‘telling ‘or ‘asking’ approaches during feedback. ‘Telling ‘has the advantage in providing a quick / direct response and giving confidence to inexperienced learners in the short term. In the long term the learners confidence may be eroded leading to over dependency on the tutor. ‘Asking ‘approaches invites the learners to self evaluate their progress and arrive at their own conclusions leading to a more independent learner (used at 12 week reviews ) . Insecure and timid learners may find this approach to feedback intimidating especially if they have difficulty evaluating and analysing their work. I have used the Telling approach to a new learner who required a quick and direct first feedback review in order to focus them on the task at hand. Francis & Gould (2009:107) stated ‘†¦A general rule we should try an ‘wean ‘learners away from reliance on the teacher and help them become more independent in their learning and performance of the skill’ Feedback could be either verbal or written. Feedback requires good communication skills and a diplomatic nature and approach. It will also test your listening, objectivity and explaining skills. Good feedback should: Delivered promptly after an assessment, Be a two way process between learner and tutor, Motivational in nature, where by the learners self esteem and confidence is not adversely affected, Specific and to the point- as a tutor, one has to be aware not to digress and remain objective , Choice and solutions can be explored during feedback, focus on things that can be changed i.e. behaviour and finally Positive and Constructive whereby the learner feels that the required changes can be  achieved. Francis & Gould (2009:105) stated ‘Feedback, whatever the purpose, should be constructive.’ During a recent observation assessment with one of my learners, I provided verbal feedback on what I had observed, in which my positive but constructive feedback was generally well received. I focussed on the positive elements of the observation, highlighting the assessment criteria that I thought were met, followed by area that I thought could be improved on. The learner commented that she had not realised that she had covered so many assessment criteria’s and had had conducted herself in such a positive and professional manner. As A result of receiving such positive feedback which highlighted areas of her strengths and weaknesses, she has improved the quality and frequency of her written assignments. How feedback from others informs owns professional practice. I have recently received feedback from my line manager (Internal verifier), conducting a learner 12 week review on their progress to date. On the whole, my line manager thought I had conducted a good learner review, providing constructive but encouraging feedback on assignments submitted, workshops participation and attendance. My overall preparation (copies of comments on previous feedback/ assignments) for the review was deemed satisfactory and I had covered all the areas of the Diploma (ERR, Technical certificate, Functional skills), highlighted areas of achievement and what remains outstanding. My line manager stated that I should record more of the Information , Advice and Guidance (IAG) that I verbally gave to my learners (i.e. referencing the need for the learner to read specific company policies and procedures, visit certain websites and recommended reading materials ISBN). In addition to the above, my line manager requested that the learner wrote a comment in the learner section of the review as well as having the learners’ manager comment on the review also. I have now incorporated these recommendations into my most recent reviews ensuring that learners ‘own their feedback’. Seeking the comments and signatures of the learners’ manager is a little more problematic often having to arrange a separate visit solely for this purpose. In summary, effective assessment should ensure Consistent outcomes , Accessible to learners whereby learners can access assessments and follow systems of equality and inclusion, Detailed assessments covering all areas of the curriculum, Earned by learner and they have achieved award and Transparent , clear and meaningful to all parties.  (CADET). The assessment process informs me of the progress of the learner, whether my teaching is effective to all learners and finally whether my assessments are effective in relation to validity, authenticity and reliability. Following the above CADET model, I feel that my current assessment and feedback methodology meet the required standard. References: Boud, D (1995) Enhancing Learning Through self assessments, London. Kogan Page. Honey, P and A. Mumford (1982/1992) The Manual of learning styles, Maidenhead: Peter Honey Publications. Wilson, L (2008), Practical Teaching: A Guide to PTLLS & CTLLS. London. Cengage Learning. EMEA. Francis. M & Gould. J (2009) Achieving your PTLLS Award: a practical guide to successful Teaching in the lifelong sector. London. Sage Publication Hillier, Y. (2005) Reflective teaching in further and adult education .London. Continuum. Wilson. L (2008) Practical Teaching: A Guide to PTLLS and CTLLS. London. Cengage. EMEA.

Problems with real estate career during the recession Research Paper

Problems with real estate career during the recession - Research Paper Example ..11 Works Cited†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.12 Executive Summery Real estate market is among the most dynamic market in history. Despite the fact that the market is not that large, many processes need to run successfully. Many economic issues as well as legal matters that make operation in it not that easy bind this market. Investing in real estate is only profitable when the economic gaps are high, but quite challenging in low economic seasons. Working n real estate does not offers difficulties to the investors only, but also to their selling agents. Brokers normally earn handsomely in peak seasons despite some few challenges they encounter during their marketing. However, in recession times a lot of risk with little satisfaction is what they encounter in the job. There are several challenges that they meet in their operation, including the fac t that this sector is much dominated among few buyers at the recession times. This creates a very stiff competitive environment that discourages their prosperity. Marketing real estate products pose difficulty due to the high expectation from the sellers from the brokers. Despite the economic falls, sellers still expect to fetch great prices for their products that become unachievable by the agents. Emerging trends in the real estate such as such as Mortgage Assistance Relief, MID and QRM creates changes in the brokers work environment. This forces the brokers to adjust to the running occupational changes that normally are not easy. During economic scarcity loaning system are much reduced that only a few clients are available in the market. The agents hence find no market for their services in the market. In such cases generally earns very little to support them. Because of these challenges, working in this career is normally very hard, and mitigation measures are necessary to prote ct this employment sector. Several recommendations encompassing legal aspect, market protection, financial security, diversification, technological adaptation and teamwork have been proposed for implementation to see these groups succeed and enjoy their career. This proposal was made after a rigorous research and study in the field. Introduction For many years, the lives of real estate agents have been unbearable, especially during recessions. Due to this, the brokers sent their pleas to the ministry of labour in the late 2007, following the start of 2007 and 2009 recession. This was taken as an appropriate moments since studies could reveal situations of the real estate brokers from the start to the end of economic hard times. The Ministry in turn sent a group of experts to study the problem and recommend as appropriate. This report was presented to me, a broker and the secretary of the real estate brokers in the Washington. Besides, the report was tabled before the representatives of real estate agents, real estate investors and representatives from government policy makers and planners. This was carried out in a two days seminar in Washington. The report was aimed at

Business Communication Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business Communication - Coursework Example Constant flow of information is involved in business communication and its integral part is feedback. Business communication plays an important role in the process of directing and controlling people in an organization. Moreover, there are a number of employees and hierarchy levels, so it is difficult to manage the organization (Guffey and Loewy 2010). Correlation between Motivation Levels of Staff: In the present competitive market, the difference between competitors is the excellence of employees. To develop and retain an organization’s human resources to gain a competitive advantage is one of the main elements in human resource literature (Lin 2007). A well-managed company is one in which the motivation level of employees is high; it increases productivity, improves performance, and reduces absence.. To retain and attract talented employees, it is important for managers to understand motivation according to their requirements. The lack of motivation occurs when there is a p roblem in one of these: unsatisfactory reward systems, inadequate performance appraisal system, and inability of manager to communicate reward and appraisal systems to employees appropriately (Lin 2007). Motivational lack occurs when there is weakness in one of these three relationships. The first relationship is an effort of employees with their performance. Managers must recognize the endeavor of employees if they have exerted extra effort in their work, and managers should give performance appraisal to them. However, in most cases employees believe that their effort will not be recognized and it could direct to lack of motivation. The second one is the relationship between performance of employees and organizational rewards. Managers make sure that if employees are given performance appraisal, then organizational rewards are also given to them (Lin 2007). Weak relationships emerge when employees are not given rewards on their good performance, and this can lead to lack of motivat ion. The third one is a relationship between rewards received and rewards desired. Many managers fail to realize the motivational effects of personal rewards and when this happens, motivation of employees suffers. This concludes that there is a correlation between motivational levels of staff, and it is important for the manager to understand the level of motivation that employees need to improve their performance (Lin 2007). Two Models of Communication: 1. Shannon-Weaver Model of the Communication Process: Shannon proposed a model in 1948, in which he breaks communication process into eight components. These eight components include source, message, transmitter, signal, channel, noise, receiver, and destination (Mortensen 1972). (Mortensen 1972) 2. Schramm’s Model of Communication: Wilbur Schramm proposed this model in 1954, in which he made changes in the Shannon Model. In this model, receiver and sender conceive encoding and decoding and provisions made for a two-way trans action of a message (Mortensen 1972). (Mortensen 1972) Comparison of Two Models: Both models are the most common communication models used in low-level texts of communication and they are known as revolutionary models in modern communication. Both these models are very basic communication models in which the main emphasis is on encoding, decoding, and different sources through which message communicated from one source to another. Different elements involved in sending and receiving communications are there in these two models, and functioning of each element is almost same in these models. These two models are extremely effective in

Articulate a problem solving process regarding a practice issue in Essay

Articulate a problem solving process regarding a practice issue in nursing. In addition you will discuss evidence and its relati - Essay Example In most cases, medication errors are arrested before they get to the patient, or they may reach the patients and cause no harm, or cause treatable as well as permanent harm requiring prolonged hospitalization of the patient. Although there are preventive measures that can be put in place to deter occurrence of these medication errors, they are bound to happen from time to time, and it is expedient for medical practitioners to have necessary skill and knowhow regarding solution to such problems (Wilkinson & Treas, 2011). The reason for taking preventive or curative measures when it comes to nurses’ medication errors are governed by the professional ethics regarding nursing practice. Safety for hospitalized patients and response to or solution of emerging practice errors (such as those of medication) is part of a patient’s rights and should be the topmost priority (professionally) of health practitioners (Flynn & Barker et al., 2002). Problem description Most of the commo n medication errors arise from insufficient skills of the nurses in administering dosages. One particular medication error occurs in the administration of intravenous medication in the hospitals. Evidence of factors associated with errors in administration of intravenous medication or the severity of the errors is limited, but they do have a notably high frequency of incidence in medical institutions (Wilkinson & Treas, 2011). Intravenous medications are very complex and require many steps in preparing them, administering them, and monitoring the progress of patients under intravenous medication. These processes require precision and particular risks are posed by errors in medication (Cohen, 2007). The medication errors in intravenous medication administration occur in terms of failures in procedures or intravenous clinical errors (Flynn & Liang et al., 2012). Procedural failure includes lack of attention to record administration of medication on a medication chart, administering IV medication at the wrong time, or failing to read the label on medication. Failure by the nurse to wash hands prior to preparing the injection (breaching aseptic techniques), storing intravenous medication temporarily in unsecure environments, or failing to check identification of the patient or blood/pulse pressure prior to dose administration constitute procedural failure (Wilkinson & Treas, 2011). QNSE Competencies A nurse may also fail to check the level of blood sugar before administering insulin or skipping of the procedure of signing register of dangerous drugs by two nurses as required. Clinical errors (intravenous) may be occasioned by incorrect rate of intravenous, which may be faster or slower than recommended, incorrect mixture by using the wrong solvent, using a different volume of solvent in preparation of intravenous medication than what is recommended, as well as incompatibility of drugs by combining drugs that are not compatible through the same intravenous infusion . There may also be errors in general programming of the

Imagery and Symbolism in Surfacing by Margaret Atwood Essay

Imagery and Symbolism in Surfacing by Margaret Atwood - Essay Example From this research it is clear that authors use symbolism because of their hidden and deeper meanings. Atwood uses American images showing how Americans were invading and ruining Canada. The Americans put missile silos, filled the villages with tourist cabins, and left trashes everywhere. Atwood describes the growth and expansion of American as the cause of cultural infiltration. The narrator of the story calls Americans having a brain disease, relating their identity with behavior disregard rather than of nationalism. According to Atwood, an American is someone who involves himself in unnecessary violence, likes technology, and misuses resources. David argues that he hates Americans, but he likes baseball and he tends to imitate Woody Woodpecker, a funny human like cartoon character. Atwood further describes American expansion as psychologically corrupt and destructive. On the contrary, she believes she should have acted as one. In page 24, she says, â€Å"†¦.I see I’ve made a mistake, I should have pretended to be an American†. The narrator keeps on mentioning power several times in his story showing that he is actively in such of it. In the fourth chapter, Atwood remembers her thoughts that a certain plant seeds would make her more powerful. In Chapter 19, the narrator also says that doctors pretend that children’s birth is because of their power and not the mothers’ ability. The authors asserts, â€Å"the power from my father’s intercession wasn’t enough to protect me, it gave only knowledge†¦.†. This shows how the author presents men as more powerful. ... The authors asserts, â€Å"the power from my father’s intercession wasn’t enough to protect me, it gave only knowledge†¦.†(Atwood 168). This shows how the author presents men as more powerful In the fifteenth chapter, Atwood remembers herself pretending to be a powerful and helpless animal. She later puts much emphasizes on the quest of â€Å"the power†. She claims that, ever since her birth, she has been receiving isolations and emotional disturbance from the unfair religious and gender roles. She later gains her say by promising not to be powerless. She later comes to understand that, for one to be a good member of the society, one must learn on how to love and communicate. Symbolism The Barometer Atwood portrays barometer’s symbol through Paul’s wooden barometer. In page 40, she says, â€Å"†¦like the wooden man and woman in the barometer house at Paul’s†. Assessment of the barometer symbolizes her attitudes towards marriage. Atwood finally compares the barometer couples with Paul and Madame, which according to her means empty marriage. She notes that Paul and Madame seem wooden. The narrator even compares the image of barometer symbol with that of her parents sawing a portion of birch. The birch image is good because Atwood relates birches with the undestroyed nature. The image of the barometer also symbolizes unrealistic and unattainable type of romance, although her parents have true love. The Hanged Heron The use of Hanged Heron represents the America way of a destructive nature. The narrator keeps on thinking about the senselessness of her slaughter, knowing that it was hanged instead of being buried. Atwood uses the Heron’s death to

Consumer behavior Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Consumer behavior - Coursework Example Therefore, the company should conduct trainings for its staff in order to enable the staff to satisfy the customers (ConsumerAffairs.com). Complaints against Disney According the complaints posted on an independent website by consumers, it can be inferred that Disney does not treat its customers empathetically. There have been complaints against the Disney cruise by a number of customers. According to one of the customers, he booked a cruise and received a booklet only to find out the dates were incorrect. When he called to find out the problem, he was told that there could be no modifications and the charges to cancel the booking were unusually high. Therefore, Disney should revise its policies to make them consumer friendly (ConsumerAffairs.com). Complaints against Saturn Saturn is a popular car but there have also been complaints about it by a number of consumers on an independent complaints website. According to one of the consumers, the key got stuck in ignition and the consumer was unable to turn down the engine. According to the consumer, the same problem was faced by a number of other consumers as well. Another problem had to face a problem with starting the car in cold or damn mornings. Similarly, other problems faced by consumers were locking of the ignition switch, problem with door locks, and automatic acceleration.

Moral Dilemmas and Guilt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Moral Dilemmas and Guilt - Essay Example Truth-telling or Honesty – As by hiring the candidate of your choice my honesty would be impaired, and e) Individual Freedom – Further my objectivity and self-determinacy would also be affected by this situation. Further, this situation also has the potential to affect my moral behaviour and this also constitutes ethical dilemma. Consultations with the ethics committee comprising of the HR personnel and supervisors, presented the following basic options: a) it would be violation of the general ethical principles as well as the Organization’s ‘Code of Business Conduct and Ethics’ to some extent as are discussed above, however, as all the candidates are of equal footings as yet and are equally compatible and capable as their results of the tests and the experience proves, we can also consider hiring Mr McDonough. But for that effective interviews need to be conducted as these may result in certain other observations about the candidates too. I have also considered the ethical Theory that is suitable for the situation that we are facing now. The applicable theory is ‘Consequentialism’, which presents that the right action is one which produces the best consequences. Considering the information that I have gathered and the priorities I have set, each option was evaluated and the potential consequences for all the parties involved were assessed. Following implications were observed: i) Carry on the interview proceedings of all the candidates, keeping in mind your request and considering Mr McDonough above others: Gives a chance as to find out the capabilities of others too, and satisfies all the three parties, the potential candidates, you and me. It will not cause the doubts in the minds of the candidates as they will all be satisfied that they are being evaluated on their capabilities, appointment of Mr McDonough will be as per your request, therefore, that will also satisfy your request and as all the regular proceedings will be carried and consideration can be paid to other candidates too if some extraordinary ability is discovered, this makes the HR personnel satisfied with their work.  

Globalisation and the International Business Environment Essay

Globalisation and the International Business Environment - Essay Example 64-65) as the opposite of localisation; it is the process of adapting products for use outside the home nation (think steering wheels in cars or Chinese versions of Windows). Firms must internationalise if they want to sell to markets outside their home country, because foreign markets have different cultures, needs and wants, demanding that firms make adjustments to products and services, organisational structures, leadership and people systems, and supply chains, amongst others. In a landmark paper on the topic, Whitley (1994) observed that the post-war internationalisation process of firms was primarily driven by increases in foreign direct investment by transnational (or multinational) enterprises. This led to increased interdependence of the industrialised economies and changes in the world economy with the following characteristics: (1) the establishment of a distinct global system of coordination and competition, (2) the denationalisation of leading firms, and (3) the international standardisation of managerial structures and practices. It can be said that the natural progression from internationalisation to interdependence and greater integration of the world economy resulted in the complex phenomenon that we now call "globalisation". Globalisation is a concept that is best described than defined because of its complexity. A simple definition, like "globalisation is the integration of the world economy, reshaping business, reordering lives, creating social classes, different jobs, unimaginable wealth, and wretched poverty" (Micklethwait and Wooldridge, 2000, p. xvi), would not do justice to the term because it focuses too much on the economic aspect. Globalisation is much more than just money, business, and wealth. As Stiglitz (2002, p. 9-10) described it, globalisation "integrates countries and peoples, their economies and politics, their cultures and fates. It breaks down artificial barriers to the flow of goods, services, capital, knowledge, ideas, and (to a lesser extent) peoples across borders. It creates new institutions that joined with existing ones to work across borders". There are then good and bad sides, so whilst many condemn environmental degradation, corruption of cultures, and the spread of squalor, poverty, misery, and greed, many also praise the improved access to cheaper medicines and food, better living conditions, gradual eradication of poverty, and increased opportunities for millions of people around the globe. Therefore, whilst many consider internationalisation and globalisation as synonymous terms, the former would refer to an outward process where firms adapt to and increase their presence in international markets, whilst the latter can be described simply as its natural integrating result. Globalisation is nothing new, but in its past incarnations, the inability of previous generations to manage its bad side has made it a factor that led to two of the bloodiest wars that mankind has ever experienced. Knowing this background reminds us of what the philosopher Santayana said about learning the lessons of history so that we would not be doomed to repeat it. Main Drivers of Globalisation Like success which has many fathers, globalisation (according to whoever is the author) has many drivers (Yip, 2003; Johnson et al., 2003; Stiglitz, 2002; Micklethwait et al., 2000; Porter, 1990) that we can summarily classify into five groups. These drivers are the key

Natural law and positivism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Natural law and positivism - Essay Example A segment of positivism purports that law and morality must operate separately. 'Natural law examines what the law should be' (Eglinton 2005). Eglinton states in his essay entitled Natural Law that 'Natural law overstates the relationship between law and morality, but positivism underestimates the importance of the relationship' (Eglinton 2005). Professor Jeremy Waldron has his own views on rights and democracy and the way the government attempts to mandate them by the use of laws. Professor Waldron believes that rights of a society are first and foremost in everyone's mind. He believes that Majoritism has it place in society. Unlike his opponents, Professor Waldron believes that the fact that the government allows the majority of the population to make decisions regarding laws and policies does not impede on the minority. His view is that the minority population is also considered because they too have been given the opportunity to choose or elect the officials that institute laws and policies. Waldron believes that although there are instances when democratic societies will implement laws that will infringe on the rights of the minority that the democratic process itself does not allow for the majority to be 'tyrants' to the minority.

Rugby Football Union Essay Example for Free

Rugby Football Union Essay With sport gaining increasing esteem, and spreading largely into university, the first sets of national rules came about through the Oxbridge melting pot with the Football Association (1863) and the Rugby Football Union (1871). The combination of Oxford and Cambridge university students comprised standardized rules and this further development undoubtedly helped expand sport in Britain. Increased participation by lower classes in the 19th century soon led to the questioning of middle class social control. The growth of professionalism resulted in a series of disputes between both classes with regards to sporting interests.   With regards to boxing, the changes have been remarkable with the core principles still continuing throughout the 19th century. For example, in 1867 the Marques of Queensberry Rules were drafted and introduced fixed time periods for rounds of three minutes and a one minute recovery period. There was also the beginning of gloves and a qualified referee to ensure a fair fight. Another change was in the location of bouts. After 1880, fights began taking place in designated arenas, with proper rings including ropes and canvases unlike the man made circle of spectators that previously made the ring.  Furthermore, there was the classification of weight divisions, formed around 1890 by athletic clubs. The original weight classes of light or heavyweight were then joined by four other categories; bantamweight, featherweight, welterweight and middleweight. In theory, the finely calibrated division were created to prevent mismatches; in practice, they have the felicitous effect of creating many more champions and many more title shots'(John Sugden Boxing and Society pg 31).  However, the continuity of boxing in the 19th century still included the main principal of inflicting a sufficient amount of physical damage to an opponent to win a bout. Outside the ring, gambling was still rife in the sport with potentials of big winnings if the higher class folk such as lords had good participants fight for them. Another aspect of continuity in boxing was the environment in which boxers fought in. The fighters in the 19th century were still surrounded by rowdy spectators which created a sense of hostility around the setting. Lastly, the social aspect of boxing remained within the sport. The working class men saw boxing as an outlet from the hard shifts undergone at the factories and could enjoy a social drink. With regards to horse racing, there were many changes within the 19th century. The variety of races were expanded and specific roles were assigned for certain people on the race course e.g. starters, judges and bookmakers.  Jarvie, G (2006) explains how the sport has developed after the 1800s. With the rail link leading to increased transport, came larger attendances at races, allowing for jockeys to travel about in order to compete elsewhere which is how Horne. J; Tomlinson, A and Whannel, G (1999) refer to the development of the characteristics of horse racing through the nature of the modernisation of 19th century Britain. An aspect of continuity in horse racing is gambling which is a key role within English horse racing. Gambling in horse racing has been rife since the beginning due to the large financial and economical profits that gambling provides to the British public and society.  Another point of continuity in horse racing in the 19th century is that it was the highest spectator sport within Britain, with the annual race being a large social event for many towns, merging all social classes together. Another change is in the equality of horse racing. Initially, in horse racing, the upper classes retained jockeys to ride on their behalf (Barry, 2002: p 5) due to the costs of maintaining the horses, travel expenses and entry fees. Kay, J and Vamplew, W (2003: p 128) stated that, there was an equality of aim to organise and win races but an inequality of means which divide the sport and its participants into discrete zones of competition. Furthermore, racing declared to, promote intercourse between different classes of society (Vamplew, W 1976: p 130) in order to provide equal opportunity and since there were no set rules prior to 1797, the 19th century was vital to horse racing, providing the Rules Concerning Horse Racing in General. These were followed by amendments made by the jockey club.  The 19th century brought an improved standard upon horse racing with time trials, improved diets and fluid retention along with sweating and purging and the first record of a horse race was made in 1842 in the Racing Calendar due to the improvement of literacy. Additionally, with British society rapidly altering with the industrial revolution, horse racing in the 19th century provided increased police supervision and protection to maintain order and set an example to society.  The new middle class also had a defining impact upon the change and continuity of sport in the 19th century. The population grew fourfold in the 19th century and, it was in the public schools that older ball games and athletic activities were re-invented and turned into modern sports. (Holt, R, 2001: p 75) Rugby came from the Rugby School; where Thomas Arnold was influential, and his students went on to spread the sport of rugby throughout the educational system in the 1850s. The game rugby, a strictly amateur sport, started with the simple rule of allowing a player to run with a ball if he caught it on the fly or on the first bounce. Formed in 1872 the Rugby Union initially consisted of teams with 20 players but was then cut down to 15 in 1875. Games were won by go als alone; however tries and penalties were added in 1877 as a scoring system which continues today. Brasch (1986) explains how Rugby league which can be traced back to the 1871, attracting large numbers of players and crowds from the working classes. With such a rapid growth in the sport came a fear of loss of control by the Rugby Football Union and an eventual split formed the Northern Rugby Football Union in 1895. There first action was to impose the payment of players and then gradually changed the rules with the abolition of the lineout and the value of goals was changed to two points. However, the sport maintained the fair play initiative and same method of scoring and purpose within the game. The strength of the men playing the sport epitomised muscular Christianity and embodied British society.  It is clear to see how the game of rugby impacted upon the latter stages of the 19th century. With vast change and rapid growth it is clear to see that compared to sport in the early 19th century it had begun to mature and cement its place amongst British society. The back streets were no longer areas of play, alcohol was controlled in order to maintain society and schoolyards were helping to increase participation along with the formation of new sports. The educational system was profound upon sport in 19th century Britain. It was not until 1890 when Baron de Coubertin revisited the Rugby School where Thomas Arnold was the headmaster, did his dream to revive the Olympics and globalise sport come true. He saw how sporting principles in British schools, muscular Christianity and athleticism were a good way to re-build the youth of France after the defeat in the Franco-Prussian war. His take on sport in Britain drove him to form the International Olympic Committee in 1894. In conclusion, sport within Britain in the 19th century evidently grew along with growth of the United Kingdom and the change from small towns to large industrial cities was like the change from early 19th century football to the rationalisation and formation of professionalism and the Football Association. The festivals and past times of playing sports in any street were given a purpose and designated area in the 19th century. The United Kingdoms initial reluctance to teach sport in schools was eventually turned around and seen as a perfect way to promote healthy living. Not only did sport in 19th century Britain create much change, much of its continuity is evident through the peoples passion to not let work control their life and pursue sporting events even though sometimes it wasnt in their free time. Bibliography Barry, T. (2002) Advanced PE for Edexcel (Limited Edition) Harcourt Education Limited, Heinemann and London.  Brasch, R. (1986) How Did Sports Begin? (edition published in 1990) Tynron Press, Stenhouse, Dumfriesshire.  Kay, J and Vamplew, W (2003)

Death and Absurdism in Camuss The Stranger Essay Example for Free

Death and Absurdism in Camuss The Stranger Essay In his novel The Stranger1, Albert Camus gives expression to his philosophy of the absurd. The novel is a first-person account of the life of M. Meursault from the time of his mothers death up to a time evidently just before his execution for the murder of an Arab. The central theme is that the significance of human life is understood only in light of mortality, or the fact of death; and in showing Meursaults consciousness change through the course of events, Camus shows how facing the possibility of death does have an effect on ones perception of life. The novel begins with the death of Meursaults mother. Although he attends the funeral, he does not request to see the body, though he finds it interesting to think about the effects of heat and humidity on the rate of a bodys decay (8). It is evident that he is almost totally unaffected by his mothers death – nothing changes in his life. In other words, her death has little or no real significance for him. When he hears Salamano, a neighbor, weeping over his lost dog (which has evidently died), Meursault thinks of his mother – but he is unaware of the association his mind has made. In fact, he chooses not to dwell on the matter but goes to sleep instead (50). It is when he is on the beach with Raymond Sintes and M. Masson and they confront two Arabs (who have given Raymond trouble) that Meursault first seems to think about the insignificance of any action – therefore of human existence. He has a gun and it occurs to him that he could shoot or not shoot and that it would come to the same thing (72). The loss of a life would have no significance – no affect on life as a whole; and the universe itself is apparently totally indifferent to everything. Here he implicitly denies the existence of God, and thus denies morality, as well as the external meaning (if it may be so distinguished from the internal or individual existential meaning) of life and death. (This latter, existential meaning is later affirmed, as we shall see. ) Meursault kills one of the Arabs in a moment of confusion, partially out of self-defense, but does not regret it eve though it means going to prison and, ultimately, being executed. He has the fatalistic feeling that whats done is done, and later explains that he has never regretted anything because he has always been to absorbed by the present moment or by the immediate future to dwell on the past (127). In a sense, Meursault is always aware of the meaninglessness of all endeavors in the face of death: he has no ambition to advance socio-economically; he is indifferent about being friends with Raymond and about marrying Marie; etc. But this awareness is somehow never intense enough to involve self-awareness – that is, he never reflects on the meaning of death for him – until he is in prison awaiting execution. Of course, the meaning of anothers death is quite difference from the meaning of ones own death. With the former, one no longer sees that person again; with the latter, ones very consciousness, as far as we know, just ends – blit! – as a television picture ends when the set is switched off. Death marks all things equal, and equally absurd. And death itself is absurd in the sense that reason or the rational mind cannot deal with it: it is a foregone conclusion, yet it remains an unrealized possibility until some indeterminate future time. The meaning of death is not rational but, again, is existential – its implications are to be found not in abstraction but in the actuality of ones life, the finality of each moment. Before his trial, Meursault passes the time in prison by sleeping, by reading over and over the newspaper story about the (unrelated) murder of a Czech, and by recreating a mental picture of his room at home in complete detail, down to the scratches in the furniture. In this connection, it must be admitted that he is externally very sensitive and aware, despite his lack of self-understanding and emotional response. This is evidence by his detailed descriptions. He is especially sensitive to natural beauty – the beach, the glistening water, the shade, the reed music, swimming, making love to Marie, the evening hour he like so much, etc. He even says that if forced to live in a hollow tree truck, he would be content to watch the sky, passing birds, and clouds (95). After his trial (in which he is sentenced to be executed), he no longer indulges in his memories or passes the time in the frivolous way he was accustomed to spend Sundays at home. At first, he dwells on thoughts of escape. He cannot reconcile the contingency of his sentence (Why guilt? Why sentenced by a French court rather than a Chinese one? Why was the verdict read at eight pm rather than at five? etc. ) with the mechanical certainty of the process that leads inevitably to his death (137). When he gives up trying to find a loophole, he finds his mind ever returning either to the fear that dawn would bring the guards who would lead him to be executed, or to the hope that his appear will be granted. To try to distract himself from these thoughts, he forces himself to study the sky or to listen to the beating of his heart – but the changing light reminds him of the passing of time towards dawn, and he cannot imagine his heart ever stopping. In dwelling on the chance of an appeal, he is forced to consider the possibility of denial and thus of execution; therefore, he must face the fact of his death – whether it comes now or later. One he really, honestly admits deaths inevitability, he allows himself to consider the chance of a successful appeal – of being set free to live perhaps forth more years before dying. Now he begins to see the value of each moment of the life before death. Because of death, nothing matters – except being alive. The meaning, value, significance of life is only seen in light of death, yet most people miss it through the denial of death. The hope of longer life brings Meursault great joy. Perhaps to end the maddening uncertainty and thus intensify his awareness of deaths inevitability (therefore of the actuality of life), or, less likely, as a gesture of hopelessness, Meursault turns down his right to appeal (144). Soon afterwards, the prison chaplain insists on talking to him. Meursault admits his fear but denies despair and has no interest in the chaplains belie in an afterlife. He flies into rage, finally, at the chaplains persistence, for he realizes that the chaplain has not adequately assessed the human condition (death being the end of life) – or, if he has, the chaplains certainties have no meaning for Meursault and have not the real value of, say, a strand of a womans hair (151). Meursault, on the other hand, is absolutely certain about his own life and forthcoming death. His rush of anger cleanses him and empties him of hope, thus allowing him finally to open up completely and for the last time to the benign indifference of the universe (154). He realizes that he always been happy. The idea of death makes one aware of ones life, ones vital being – that which is impermanent and will one day end. When this vitality is appreciate, one feels free – for there is no urgency to perform some act that will cancel the possibility of death, seeing as though there is no such act. In this sense, all human activity is absurd, and the real freedom is to be aware of life in its actually and totally, of its beauty and its pain. ALBERT CAMUS THE STRANGER WHAT IF THE PAST HAS NO MEANING AND THE ONLY POINT IN TIME OF OUR LIFE THAT REALLY MATTERS IS THAT POINT WHICH IS HAPPENING AT PRESENT. TO MAKE MATTERS WORSE, WHEN LIFE IS OVER, THE EXISTENCE IS ALSO OVER; THE HOPE OF SOME SORT OF SALVATION FROM A GOD IS POINTLESS. ALBERT CAMUS ILLUSTRATES THIS EXACT VIEW IN THE STRANGER. CAMUS FEELS THAT ONE EXISTS ONLY IN THE WORLD PHYSICALLY AND THEREFORE THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF MEANING IN ONES LIFE IS ALONE REVEALED THROUGH THAT EVENT WHICH HE OR SHE IS EXPERIENCING AT A PARTICULAR MOMENT. THESE THOUGHTS ARE PRESENTED THROUGH MEURSAULT, A MAN DEVOID OF CONCERN FOR SOCIAL CONVENTIONS FOUND IN THE WORLD IN WHICH HE LIVES, AND WHO FINDS HIS LIFE DEPRIVED OF PHYSICAL PLEASUREWHICH HE DEEMS QUITE IMPORTANTWHEN UNEXPECTEDLY PUT IN PRISON. THE OPENING LINE OF THE NOVEL SETS THE TONE FOR MEURSAULTS DISPASSION TOWARDS MOST THINGS. THE NOVEL IS INTRODUCED WITH THE WORDS: MAMAN DIED TODAY. OR YESTERDAY MAYBE, I DONT KNOW (3). ALTHOUGH THE UNCERTAINTY ORIGINATES WITH AN AMBIGUOUS TELEGRAM, IT SEEMS THAT THE TON MIDDLE OF PAPER OR THEIR EMOTIONS IN GENERAL. HE DOES NOT FOLLOW CONVENTIONAL SOCIAL BELIEFS NOR DOES HE BELIEVE IN GOD, NOR SALVATION. MEURSAULT HOWEVER LOVES HIS LIFE. IT IS A PURE LOVE DERIVED FROM ENJOYING HIS EXISTENCE ON A DAY-TO-DAY BASIS, RARELY LOOKING BACK AND NEVER LOOKING FORWARD. HIS LOVE IS NOT DEPENDENT ON DOING WHAT SOCIETY OR SOME RELIGION HAS DEEMED CORRECT, BUT ON WHAT HE FEELS HE WANTS TO DO DESPITE WHAT MOST WOULD CONSIDER COMMON. WORK CITED CAMUS, ALBERT. THE STRANGER. TRANS. MATTHEW WARD. NEW YORK: VINTAGE INTERNATIONAL, 1989. IN ALBERT CAMUS’ â€Å"THE STRANGER† THE â€Å"STORY OF AN ORDINARY MAN WHO GETS DRAWN INTO A SENSELESS MURDER† IS TOLD. TAKING PLACE IN ALGERIA THIS MAN, MEURSAULT, IS CONSTANTLY IN A CLIMATE OF EXTREME WARMTH, AS ARE ALL THE INHABITANTS THEREIN. THE SUN, THE SOURCE OF LIGHT AND THE CAUSE OF THIS WARMTH, IS THUS A VITAL AND NORMAL PART OF HIS LIFE. IT BRINGS WARMTH AND COMFORT YET IT CAN ALSO CAUSE PAIN AND SICKNESS. THROUGHOUT MOST OF HIS LIFE MEURSAULT HAS LIVED WITH THE CONFLICTING FORCES OF THE SUN AND LIGHT, AS A FRIEND AND FOE. HOWEVER IN CHAPTER 6 THESE FORCES BECOME UNBALANCED AND THE SUN BECOMES AN AGGRESSOR CAUSING MEURAULT PHYSICAL PAIN AND JOLTING HIM INTO VIOLENT ACTION. ALTHOUGH THE SUN BECOMES INCREASINGLY AGGRESSIVE AS THE NOVEL TRANSPIRES, IN THE BEGINNING ITS FORCES WERE BALANCED CAUSING SOME GOOD AND SOME BAD EFFECTS. THE MOST EVIDENCE OF THE SUN AS A FOE IS FOUND DURING MEURSAULT’S MOTHER’S WAKE AND FUNERAL. DURING THE WAKE MEURSAULT IS CONSTANTLY â€Å"BLINDED† BY THE BRIGHT LIGHT. THIS COMBINED WITH â€Å"THE WHITENESS OF THE ROOM† â€Å"[MAKES HIS] EYES HURT. † HOWEVER, THIS SAME LIGHT ALSO CREATES A â€Å"GLARE ON THE WHITE WALLS†¦. MAKING [HIM] DROWSY† AND ALLOWING HIM RESPITE FROM THE KNOWLEDGE OF HIS MOTHER’S DEATH. SO, ALL AT ONCE LIGHT WAS GOOD AS WELL AS BAD FOR MEURSAULT. AGAIN, DURING THE FUNERAL â€Å"WITH THE SUN BEARING DOWN† THE HEAT WAS â€Å"INHUMAN AND OPPRESSIVE,† CAUSING MEURSAULT GREAT PHYSICAL DISCOMFORT. YET, IN THE SAME TOKEN, THE HEAT IS ALSO â€Å"MAKING IT HARD FOR [MEURSAULT] TO †¦ THINK STRAIGHT† THEREBY ALLOWING HIM AN ESCAPE FROM HIS MOTHER’S DEATH. NOT ALL OF THE SUN’S EFFECTS HAVE A FLIP SIDE HOWEVER; THROUGHOUT THE NOVEL â€Å"THE SUN [DOES MEURSAULT] A LOT OF GOOD,† BY WARMING HIM AND MAKING HIM FEEL ALIVE. THUS, ALTHOUGH BOTH POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SITUATIONS COME FROM THE

ERP And Network At Dabur Essay

ERP And Network At Dabur Essay Dabur is a Indian consumer goods company with interests in Oral Care, Hair Care, Skin Care, Health Care, Home Care and even in foods. From its humble first phase in the bylanes of Calcutta in the year 1884 as an Ayurvedic medicines company. Dabur has come a stretched way today to become among the top companies. Dabur India Limited is the 4th largest FMCG Company in India. Dabur had a turnover of approximately Rs. 3390.9 Crore FY 09-10 Market Capitalisation of over Rs 15500 Crore which clearly shows the companys stand. The company has kept an eye on new generations of customers with a variety of products that provide to a modern lifestyle, while supervision not to estrange past generations of faithful customers. Daburs network is in the form of star topology with 6 DAMA (Demand Assigned Multiple Access) links from Hughes Escorts Communications Limited (HECL). There are approximately 40-50 Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) VSATs (Very Small Aperture Terminals), which will be used for linking the distribution network. Then there is Virtual Private Network (VPN) connectivity involving Daburs offices at various places like Delhi and Mumbai, moreover the corporate office. This link will soon be un-mitigated to other locations, also.The choice of the network depends upon location and feasibility runs on multiple media. The company uses IDSN connectivity as a support for its prime connectivity. Astonishingly, contrary to the current trend, Dabur doesnt have various leased lines to hold up its datacom network. The Situation: Problem Faced By The Company Before ERP Implementation For many years, Dabur had been using Fox Pro based systems for its handling logistics but as the network has grown the distribution pressure rises technology development was necessary. Fox Pro was a database in which each of the department likes sales, finance etc had a separate database for their respective departments. It was not a relational database. The company faced a lot of problem because this like data inconsistencies etc. It become necessary to integrate the fragmented distribution network for the benefit of the company. This was the time when Dabur felt the need to implement some kind of ERP system. ERP Implementation in 4 stages till now 1st ERP implementation Baan Dabur implemented Baans ERP system in 1999 for automation of the manufacturing process. This was the first ERP system which was implemented by the company in the major plants at Sahibabad and Baddi respectively. The server used for this was Alpha Unix servers and this was situated at the commercial office are used for Baan and around 200 concurrent users can login from in cooperation with plants using PAMA VSATs and fibre in the distant Baddi plant. In Baan ERP system the key modules includes finance, manufacturing,master production planning, intelligent resource planning,dealer planning and costing. The various modules keep the track of the material as the inventory moves through the plant and they are synchronised to each other. The primary distribution plan becomes a very important component of the manufacturing system. The planning process of the compnay includes one months stable Rolling Production Plan (RPP) of the company and two months rolling plan later on, based on a Rollin g Sales Forecast (RSF) of Dabur. Problem in case of Baan The operation of the manufacturing system has been very difficult as raw materials for Daburs products are mostly sourced from the various unorganised sectors where fruits and herbs and other natural recourses are procured. The other challenge was of extensive customisation which was necessary to meet stringent FDA regulations in the quality circle in Pharma product lines. Not only this, BaaN requires a central server which was also a problem for the company. As with the majority companies, sales at Dabur crest in the last 4-5 days of the particular month which leads to more load on the server. If the company dabur in this case,depends on this sort of central server architecture, which would be associated through VSATs, the network would be extremely overburden during each and every month-end. However, Dabur never required making the network a serious component in the automation of the outbound logistics. The company determined to go for an ERP answer which was Network Independent and it found that MFG/PRO could be run on independent servers at every location it was a good choice that suited its unique needs. 2nd ERP implementation MFG/PRO ERP Dabur therefore initiated automation of the outward logistics system in April, 2001 by means of its primary circulation system named Project Synergy, which involves the execution of the MFG/PRO ERP system. The MGF/PRO system was running in greater than a dozen Carrying and Forwarding Agents (CFAs) and the major warehouses all over the country. It had covered more than 90 sites in the main Distribution will be finished by 2002. Implementation Once it was decided that MFG/PRO it will be to lever the outbound logistics then a core implementation team was made which includes end users from dissimilar departments, like IT, sales, distribution and planning, finance and was set up in order to work. The deployment was made in four stages. In the first stage a requirement study was done here a model was developed. Dabur has many other strategic business units each one of it is having a different need in terms of outbound logistics. It is a traditional FMCG company into family units and healthcare products, pharmaceutical products, food products, which is a perishable products division, ayurvedic products for both the medicine and home segments. All these divisions have diverse requirements. The heart team had its job to cut out plus it had to develop a ordinary business model, which could supply to each and every segment at the identical time. Significant benefits were visible in locations where the ERP system had been implemented. These include: Improvement occur in sales dispatches to the carrying and forward agents (CFA). The sales earlier were greatly overloaded with 80 percent of sales taking place in the last week of the month which led to a number of trouble such as cheque bouncing and sales returns from pushed sales to meet sales targets. Improvement was seen in collections process also. Collections have recorded an improvement of about 6 days after implementing ERP and now are more evenly spread more than the month which leads to substantial savings on working capital protected up in out-bound logistics. Reduction in unsold stock inventory nad sales returns. Stocks in carrying and forwading agents are noticeable to fundamental distribution planners in commercial and un-saleable categories most important to better distribution nad management. fundamental management of sales schemes. The corporate office manages the schemes and free issues and the ERP system keeps a tough test on schemes most important to decline in misuse of schemes in the field. Reasons: why the shifted to another ERP system (SAP) By 2005 Dabur felt the need of maintaining two independent ERP systems for the company. They were facing some of the issues like there were still data redundancies and inconsistencies in the database system. Substantial amount of rework was essential in just data format translation between the two systems. It still did not provide a holistic image and thus posed troubles in formulating a policy or taking business significant decisions. Maintenance cost of MGF/PRO was also very high. Dabur realized that it is not just the operational excellence it needed but in also needed decision support infrastructure and as a result of this the proposal of a solitary organization wide ERP implementation was planned in Dabur. So, with the help of Accenture, Dabur implemented strategic and operational changes by implementation of organization wide SAP core modules. 3RD ERP implementation SAP (major change) Migrated from standalone Enterprise Resourse Planning systems which includes Baan and Mfg to centralized SAP ERP system from 1st April, 2006 for all the business units of dabur. Dabur implemented a country wide new Wide Area Network infrastructure for running centralized Enterprise resourse planning system and setting up of new data center at KCO head office in Ghaziabad. Addition of system to the distributors for capturing Secondary Sales Data information to collect near real-time pipeline information was done by 2004. Dabur decided to turn round out the IT services to the latest plants in the country. Dabur is no immunity with respect to other industries and realized it needed to execute enhanced and quickly and make more rapid decisions in order to outpace its upper class in revenue and prosperity growth. Accenture projected infront of dabur that Dabur to improve its supply chain management, to meet such goals and sales and distribution capabilities should also be improved and use IT as a strategic enabler for its business strategy. This incorporated migration to a nimbler outsourcing model that would create significance through quickness and sustain business initiatives and safeguarding of its SAP ERP system. SAP basically, was selected due to the extensive experience in India and it is used by its competitors also. How Accenture helped Dabur Accenture proposed that Dabur improve its sales and distribution services and supply chain management capabilities and use information technology as a tactical enabler for its business strategy. From an IT standpoint, Accenture suggested a two-pronged strategy to Dabur that includes resettlement to a nimbler outsourcing model that would create value through nimbleness and hold up business initiatives and protection of its SAP enterprise resource planning system. Accenture assembled a group of extremely trained industry experts so that it can bring these initiatives to life, as well as some professionals who have widespread SAP design and implementation experience in this field which was an important factor. It implemented a new sales and distribution strategy and in this Accenture helped in developing a widespread strategy that was noticeable as Daburs first significant endeavour to identify key customer segments in urban and rural markets, customize sales programs for key accounts and reorganize Daburs sales teams by one of four trade channels. There was some profit from these initiatives like increase in annual sales by 17% whereas amplify in profits by over 40% performance more operational effectiveness and cutting down of costs. Operational Benefits Impact Lost Sales -40% Forecast Error -53% Full, on time delivers +7% Rolling production plan adherence +73% Accenture supported this business approach with a lucrative IT solution. It has developed in-house over several platforms, which captured actionable information crosswise the national footprint of practically 500 distributors. In the area like that of product distribution, the desired team focused on bolstering the efficiencies and rural market diffusion and designed a channel-specific strategy for chemist , modern trade, wholesalers and convenience stores. In just the beginning of a supplementary efficient sales program, Accenture paid special consideration to how Dabur might recover service to Indian extra-large retailers, which are likely to account for an additional 15 percent of consumer product sales by 2010. For this group of customers, the group recognized a totally new operating model that includes a pricing architecture framework to aid negotiations and revised role and odd jobs for each and every one members of the trade field force. In devising this strategy, the Accenture and Dabur team optimized the companys distribution processes and internal logistics for mega retail customers, and put incentives in set to drive definite goals such as uniformity of sales in grocery stores, increased sales via wholesale channels. 4th ERP implementation SAP APO (Current Scenario) Automating forecasting: Dabur hence decided to automate the procedure to develop its forecasting procedure. The company was already running SAP ERP from 2006 and decided to put into practice SAPs Advanced Planner and Optimizer (APO).To guarantee the precision of SAP APO, chronological data was deconstructed to originate the baseline sales and impact of ATL/BTL inputs. Dabur has to a great extent gets benefits from SAP APO with enhanced business outcomes. Project was divided into four different phases. The first phase was Diagnosis in which design and organisation structure was done. It also established the potential opportunity size and the business case. In the second phase the design of the supply chain took place. The third phase the actual implementation of APO modules took place. In the last phase the actuall running took place (April 2010). Once you have input the growth target the entire sales volume plan will be generated. All the other calculations are in real time like required capacity planning, markets where we can get more business. The ERP system will then convert the sales which was forecasted into the real/actual sales at factory level. Changes experienced in top line, bottom line and inventory turnover due to ERP implementation Before the deployment, the lost sales which were earlier accounted to 6% were decreased to 3.75%. More-over the companys error forecast was also reduced from 85 to 40 percent and its forecast accuracy amplified from 25 to over 60 percent. Achieving this act in less than eight months was a enormous success for Dabur. This would not have been possible exclusive of a business benefit-led move towards to the exercise moderately than an IT-led approach. With the recent execution of ERP, the effectiveness of the distribution and logistics network is expected to advance more in the future. Consumer health division grew by 12.5%, that division has been impacted in the first quarter by the ERP platform changeover. Future Challenges Forward integration of SAP with distributors and stockists is a big challenge. Implementation of SAP HR and payroll has to be done. Along with this backward integration os SAP suppliers. Conclusion The implementation of ERP system in a consumer goods company is an enormous complex undertaking, ERP system can effect every aspect of organizational functioning and design.ERP system lead to highly standardised and highly computerised information. A strong program management approach and an implementation partner having good business understanding and proven experience were other factors that served as catalysts.

New York Must Increase the Minimum Wage Essay -- Minimum Wage Essays

Living in Bushwick commuting to school four days a week to Coney Island, and going to work four days a week at Rite Aid in Sunnyside, Queens, is more overwhelming than what it sounds. Working overnight from Monday to Friday, earning minimum wage and being taxed on top of that isn’t enough due to prices of gas, food, and necessities sky-rocketing. The job pays $7.25 per hour but I make a $0.75 differential for working the night shift. It’s difficult to be a student and work when you only have yourself as a form of financial support. There are days I don’t sleep and hours before I get a meal, because I get trapped by my living expenses, its long before I am able to splurge on luxuries and wants. Nevertheless, it has become challenging to keep my GPA up and my academic performance to its capability, but there isn’t an alternative. Before the late 1930’s, there was not a federal minimum wage. Minimum wage is the least amount an employer can pay to their employees. The current federal minimum wage is $7.25. In the early 1900’s, during industrialization, employees worked for little up to no money. The working conditions during this era weren’t regulated and there weren’t any labor laws that instated the ethics of working conditions. In New York City, there were just over 500 sweatshop garment factories in where the working conditions were very hazardous and in one case, deadly. On March 25, 1911, 146 garment workers died in a fire. The victims were mostly young immigrant women but among them were also immigrant men and children too. These women and men across New York City had had a protest in 1910 in where they demanded unionized workplaces. Unions helped these workers protect their rights. They deserved the right to have respectab... ... double digit wage and not some dollars and a few cents an hour. Fixing the way financial aid is distributed, the money available, and the cost of college education would be a solution due to the criterion to qualify for full financial aid coverage is ridiculous. I'd first want to start with making public school something more year round. This would eliminate teaching as a "seasonal" job. Requiring more hours in school, less holidays and by focusing on the â€Å"No Child Left Behind† policy, it would benefit students to learn what’s necessary including circumstances where they’d face the real world. It is crucial and necessary in building a better New York so that our fellow New Yorkers do become our future. Pushing them into to succeeding in essential subjects like math and science, it would prepare the future of America for college and not discourage them from career.

The Dangers of Carbon Dioxide Essay -- Environmental Gases Health Essa

The Dangers of Carbon Dioxide Thesis: As the environment encounters damage from increasing levels of carbon dioxide, actions on both governmental and individual levels need to be implemented in order to protect the welfare of future life. Introduction In an era of rising technology and increasing population, demands on the environment are continually being pushed to new levels. As a result, it becomes important for us to expand our knowledge about the environment and take appropriate actions to protect this element of most importance to human existence. One component of our environment experiencing some of the greatest abuse due to humans is the air. Air pollution has been on the rise ever since the beginning of industrialization. The climbing number of factories and use of cars worldwide are the major culprits of this environmental hazard. There are various gases released into the air that can be considered air pollutants, but one of the most prevalent and dangerous to the environment is carbon dioxide (CO2). Up to 95% of the CO2 produced is the result of natural processes (Burnett & Matthews Jr., 1998). The rest is a direct result of human activity, primarily through the burning of fossil fuels in the production of energy Potential Effects of High Atmospheric CO2 Levels The major effect most scientists fear as the result of increased levels of CO2 in our atmosphere is global warming. By blocking the heat reflected from the Earth's surface, greenhouse gases are able to warm the planet in a similar way to how glass warms up a greenhouse. Without this greenhouse effect, it is calculated our planet would be 35 degrees Celsius cooler worldwide, causing oceans to freeze and greatly altering life (Doyle, 1996). Accordi... ... Carbon Traced To Northern Lands (1995, September 23). Science News, 148 (13), p. 204. Novak, Mary H. (1998, July 24). Kyoto Treaty A Giant Leap into the Economic Abyss. Houston Business Journal, 29 (10), p. 27A. [Online]. Available: http://insite.palni.edu/WebZ/Authorize:sessionid=0. Rising Carbon Dioxide is Great For Plants. (1992, December). Consumer's Research Magazine, 75 (12), p. 25. [Online]. Available: http://insite.palni.edu/WebZ/Authorize:sessionid=0. Singer, Fred S (1996, November 25). Dirty Climate. National Review, 48 (22), pp. 62-64. [Online]. Available: http://insite.palni.edu/WebZ/Authorize:sessionid=0. Smog From the Middle Kingdom (1998, Summer). Earth Island Journal, 13 (3), p. 3. [Online]. Available: http://insite.palni.edu/WebZ/Authorize:sessionid=0. Soil Seen as Missing Sink (1996, September 21). Science News, 150 (12), p. 186.

Violence and the Brain Essay -- Biology Essays Research Papers

Violence and the Brain Is there a biological basis for violent behavior in the brain? Recent research links "neurological impairments and psychoses" to violent behavior (1). The "psychological effects" of brain damage and disease can cause the mind to lose touch with reality leading to criminal and violent behavior (1). As a result, free will may be deserted in an individual suffering from abnormalities and chemical imbalances in the brain (2). Consequently, legal issues arise because violent offenders with mental illnesses or brain injuries are not always to blame due to the biological nature of their diseases (2). However, violence in psychiatric and neurological patients can be prevented for the most part through medication and "social support services" (1). A PBS video, "The Violent Mind" sparked my interest in the relationship between violence and the brain. The video presented several cases of violent assault which could be attributed to chemical imbalances in the brain (2). For example, the video illustrated the story of David Garabedian, a quiet passive man who murdered a customer of the lawn car company where David was an employee (2). David mixed lawn chemicals in their undiluted form which caused him to experience physical and mental changes in his body (2). Dr. David Bear, a physician from Vanderbuilt Medical School who looked into Davids case, claimed organophosphates in the insecticide poisoned the enzyme that clears away acetylcholine in the hypothalamus (2). Moreover, Dr. Bear stated that acetylcholine sends signals between the cells which coordinate aggression (2). This explains Davids reaction when the customer caught David urinating on her lawn (2). Before the urination episode, the action potential... ...h violent crimes of 17 "loners" (6). She links the patterns of their crimes "with seizures, which often are preceded by auras, frequently cause irrational behavior and loss of normal bodily functions and are generally followed by a sense of disorientation" (6). According to Pontius, the seizures resulted from "limbic kindling" due to the loners lack of interpersonal relationships (6). Bottled up feelings, emotions, and memories were "triggered by people and objects" as stated by Pontius (6). The research reviews and excerpt from the PBS video, "The Violent Mind", presented in this paper strongly support the evidence of a biological basis for violence in the brain. Internet Sources: http://www.crime-times.org/96d/w96dp9.htm http://www.crime-times.org/98a/w98ap10.htm http://www.crime-times.org/96d/w96dp6.htm PBS video: Episode 8 "The Violent Mind" Violence and the Brain Essay -- Biology Essays Research Papers Violence and the Brain Is there a biological basis for violent behavior in the brain? Recent research links "neurological impairments and psychoses" to violent behavior (1). The "psychological effects" of brain damage and disease can cause the mind to lose touch with reality leading to criminal and violent behavior (1). As a result, free will may be deserted in an individual suffering from abnormalities and chemical imbalances in the brain (2). Consequently, legal issues arise because violent offenders with mental illnesses or brain injuries are not always to blame due to the biological nature of their diseases (2). However, violence in psychiatric and neurological patients can be prevented for the most part through medication and "social support services" (1). A PBS video, "The Violent Mind" sparked my interest in the relationship between violence and the brain. The video presented several cases of violent assault which could be attributed to chemical imbalances in the brain (2). For example, the video illustrated the story of David Garabedian, a quiet passive man who murdered a customer of the lawn car company where David was an employee (2). David mixed lawn chemicals in their undiluted form which caused him to experience physical and mental changes in his body (2). Dr. David Bear, a physician from Vanderbuilt Medical School who looked into Davids case, claimed organophosphates in the insecticide poisoned the enzyme that clears away acetylcholine in the hypothalamus (2). Moreover, Dr. Bear stated that acetylcholine sends signals between the cells which coordinate aggression (2). This explains Davids reaction when the customer caught David urinating on her lawn (2). Before the urination episode, the action potential... ...h violent crimes of 17 "loners" (6). She links the patterns of their crimes "with seizures, which often are preceded by auras, frequently cause irrational behavior and loss of normal bodily functions and are generally followed by a sense of disorientation" (6). According to Pontius, the seizures resulted from "limbic kindling" due to the loners lack of interpersonal relationships (6). Bottled up feelings, emotions, and memories were "triggered by people and objects" as stated by Pontius (6). The research reviews and excerpt from the PBS video, "The Violent Mind", presented in this paper strongly support the evidence of a biological basis for violence in the brain. Internet Sources: http://www.crime-times.org/96d/w96dp9.htm http://www.crime-times.org/98a/w98ap10.htm http://www.crime-times.org/96d/w96dp6.htm PBS video: Episode 8 "The Violent Mind"

Chapter 2 Review Questions †Information Systems Essay

1. When determining the appropriate hardware components of a new information system, what role must the user of the system play? a. People involved in selecting their organization ´s computer hardware must clearly understand current and future business requirements so they can make informed acquisition decisions. 2. Identify two characteristics of RAM and ROM. a. Random Access Memory is temporary and volatile. Read-Only-Memory is nonvolatile and permanent. 3. What is RFID technology? How does it work? a. Radio Frequency Identification is a technology that employs a microchip with an antenna to broadcast its unique identifier and location to receivers. The purpose of the system is to transmit data by a mobile device, called a tag, which is read by an RFID reader and processed according to the needs of an information system program. 4. Identify the three components of the CPU and explain the role of each. a. The arithmetic/logic unit (ALU): The part of the CPU that performs the mathematical calculations and makes logical comparisons. b. Control Unit: The part of the CPU that sequentially accesses program instructions, decodes them, and coordinates the flow of data in and out of the ALU, the registers: the primary storage, and even secondary storage and various output devices. c. Register storage area: special, high-speed area within the CPU; temporary storage area. It works under the control of the control unit. 5. What is Solid State Storage technology? What advantages does it offer? a. A flash drive is an example of SS technologies. It stores data in memory chips rather than magnetic or optical media. b. Memory chips need less power and provide faster data access, and have only few moving parts, so that they are less fragile.

Martin Luther King -Research Paper Essay

ABSTRACTCountless individuals form been draws for racial unlessice byout history. roughly are well cognize and both(prenominal) ordain never be known. The individuals here are neither the close regulartful nor the best known they are al nonpareil most re prove upative figures that we amaze elect in hopes that their stories may inspire others. intimately of the individuals listed here were active in the joined States, provided the move custodyt against racism is world-wide. there were more leading in the cultivated refines deal, save Martin Luther mogul was more than just the most conspicuous and eloquent among them. The boon study is an attempt to look into the social contest okayed by keen racial discrimination. The paper entrust in like military personnelner submit to understand the voice and ploughshare of large leading towards the eradication and lighting of racial inequality. This paper is an attempt to crumple the role of Dr. Martin L uther fagot junior and his struggle for a more liberal fellowship specific al 1y for the black association.INTRODUCTION period and again salient multitude have taken birth on planet to safeguard hu sm any-arm be intimates from devastation, both, natural and homomake. galore(postnominal) social evils have taken a heavy toll and have price human lives. The most afflicting was untouch baron practiced in India. In the exchangeable clock body-build the world saw slavery and the racial tensions mingled with the black and the dust coatneds. A some leaders that emerged as an icon in history and contri exclusivelyed in the eradication of racism are Nelson Mandela, Mahatma Gandhi, Abraham capital of Nebraska, John F Kennedy, Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar, Martin Luther fag junior,Mother Teresa and a a couple of(prenominal) more to name. virtu in onlyy of the individuals listed here were active in the join States, scarce the move workforcet against racism is world-wide. What w ould the polite Rights Movement be without the brave men and women who fought for equal rights? These leaders dedicated their lives to termination slavery, separationism, and unfair treatment. one and only(a) such psyche who rose as a depicted object icon in the history of contemporary American liberalism, an African American gracious rights leader and is best known for his role in the advancement of civilized rights apply nonviolent civil noncompliance is Dr. Martin Luther poof Jr.For his contribution in the consideration of non-violence struggle he was titled as the American Gandhi. Martin Luther male monarch previously known as Michael Luther was born in Atlanta, g tot all in allyium, in the year of 1929. He was brought up in a religious home, his father was a previous(prenominal)or. Martin followed in his dads footsteps and was enact and became a minister of a Baptist church building in the city capital of Alabama, Alabama. Montgomery was a place of colossal ra cism in the South. Dr. big businessman saw this racism and mat something needed to be done. As for him macrocosm the newly elected president of the Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA).He matt-up he needed to do something, so in 1955, December 1, when Rosa position didnt spread up her induct on the bus for a white passenger and was arrested. Martin made the decision to forge a ostracize against the bus transportation. This is where the enceinte leadership that Martin Luther superpower Jr. started. Although faggot was only thirty-nine at the eon of his death, his life was queer for the bearings it reflected and godlike so many of the twentieth cytosines major intellectual, cultural, and political developments. This paper will try to elaborate on, faggot, as a personality, the influence of Gandhis ideologies on his life, his fulfilments as an Orator by analyzing fewer of the many lyrices delivered by him and How effective he was as a leader?methodological analy sisA lot of literature has already been written on this subject. Much of it has been brush aside considering the fact that no appropriate evidences were store. (However, the present paper is an attempt to understand, evaluate and crumble the contribution made by Dr. Martin Luther mightiness to eradicate the evils of racial inequality. Great leaders have discussed and debated their views in symposia held from time to time, many of which have also appeared in some(prenominal) realityations. Over the last thirty years, broad volume of literature has grown on the subject of racial inequality and some of the salient opinions denotative by sundry(a) leaders are presented.Primary and secondary coil sources will be employ during this research. Books, articles in journals and trusted websites will be customd as secondary sources. This research will be predominantly narrative and analytic in nature. This paper is also a modest attempt to fill in the gap of what has already been w ritten and the international understanding of this issue. Primary Sources have been collected from http//www.thekingcenter.org/archive/ al-Qaida/4758DISCUSSIONThis intervention includes three main formulas of pooves personality i.e. poove as a Leader, queer As an orator and his noteworthy I have a ambitiousness linguistic communication and the influence of Gandhis ideologies on big businessmans life.KING AS A LEADERWhat defines an excellent leader? Is Leadership someone that can ideate creatively or can top problems? Is a leader someone that knows what it takes to be a leader and to lead a group, or is it someone that put to fillhers goals for themselves and/or for the group. One could ponder these questions for a very retentive time but there is no true definition for leader or leadership. But you can look at nation and decide if they are a good leader, by what outcomes they arrive at, the centering they inspire mickle, and the qualities that they poses. All of th ese aspects are in one of the extensiveest leaders of all times and that would be, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. This man is one to be admired and seek to be like. The leadership that King raises is, non to be afraid of anything, to stand up for your community, to stand up for the right of your people, and finally to shin with passive electrical resistance for your people. King took treat against segregation from that day, to his death. By taking grasp I mean that he organize many organizations one of which was Southern Christian Leadership Conference, which allowed him to pursue other civil rights activities.This grew to be nationwide and allowed Martin L. King to benefactor his people through his leadership skills. He set goals for himself and for his people. The goals he set for himself was that I will not rest until all black men, women, children are free of segregation. Which meant he would not rest until all his people were free and would do anything to garter them have their license? The goals he set for his people were of independence, desegregation, and to have their freedom. By saddle horse these goals it certifys that King is a great leader. I feel you have to set goals to reach out your task. By him setting these goals all(prenominal)one is on the alike track, and the people are looking to achieve the same goals and dreams. Which he showed his dreams when he gave the vocabulary at working capital The I puzzle a Dream vocabulary. Martin Luther King shows great leadership by his demonstrations of non-violence acts all of his organizations all the speeches he gave and all the letters he wrote. Through this it shows he is a man of light activity, determination, also ace.I say intelligence because in his demonstrations, if he would have fought prat he and many others would have been killed or seriously injured and it would be his mar and he would have let his people down. So by victimisation his psyche he was able to show tha t the use of violence would result in violence. not the fact that the demonstration was just about the well-bred Rights and the desegregation of Blacks. He also showed his intelligence by the letters and the speeches he wrote. The one that was the most inspirational was the I eat a Dream speech which is di tardy in the later part of this discussion. This speech touched so many people. It changed the way many people scene about blacks. With the words of Martin Luther King he helped to get desegregation in the Southern states of Mississippi, Alabama, Carolina, Georgia etc just throw his leadership skills and his motivational words that ring till this day. King showed his determination through getting thrown and twisted in jail, be hit with sticks, fists, and world called a Niger.All of which hurt him but he would not let that split him from getting his people free using non-violence and He did not want to show he was scared of the white community he wanted to show his people no affright. So he approach these obstacles head on and didnt back down. He showed his dedication and determination to achieve his goals and the goals of his people and to show no fear, and to trace his people feel no fear in the white community. By this Blacks became impregnable of white and helped them get there desegregation. Martin showed his rightfulness by taking responsibility for his actions, shown by him going away to jail and by him being beat up or flush killed. This man inspires confidence in others because he can be trusted to do what he says he will do. King says he will fight until freedom rings that mean that he will fight till freedom rings, in which he did. He showed the most integrity when he was killed. He showed that he would give is life to have desegregation and to have his people have their freedom from all whites.INFLUENCE OF GANDHI ON KINGS LIFEAn event that played as an integral part of his life was his scream to India in 1959 as he change magnitud e his understanding of Gandhian ideas during his month-long visit sponsored by the American Friends Service Committee. With Coretta and MIA historian Lawrence D. Reddick in tow, King meet with many Indian leaders, including Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. Writing by and by his return, King stated, I left India more convinced than ever before that non-violent electric foeman is the most potent weapon uncommitted to oppressed people in their struggle for freedom Is it true that frequently of Martin Luther Kings success resulted from the passive resistance techniques proposed by Mahatma Gandhi? The answer is Yes, Both Gandhi and Martin Luther King apply passive resistance to fight for social justice and equality but their individual use of it varies immensely. In the earlyish 1900s, Gandhi inspired a successful nonviolent resistance movement to end the British Raj in India. Gandhi strongly believed that nonviolent resistance or Satyagraha was the most influential way to fight dirty laws and discrimination.Following Gandhis movement, in the late 1950s and 1960s was a equivalent movement sparked by Martin Luther King, Jr. King mimicked Gandhis utilization of Gandhis passive resistance for the purpose of liberating the discriminated black community in America. The most potent difference between the two leaders was their cause for employing passive resistance and the unforgiving situations and opposers they fought. In Gandhis era, he was battling the minority, but brutal nip of the British Empire, but King fought the racial harm and inequality that plagued American society, lurking on every street corner. Both tasks are no easy feat, but time and time again, one sees the tactic of nonviolence defeating even the most noble militia. Although Kings use of nonviolence is very correspondent to Gandhis, there are a few critical differences in how Gandhi executed Satyagraha compared to Dr. Kings use of adopted nonviolence because of the difference in situatio ns that they were faced with.Since many of Kings tactics were establish on Gandhis, the two influential leaders shared a very similar viewpoint on nonviolent resistance including the use of tactics such as civil disobedience and noncooperation. Both leaders utilise the powerful nonviolent force to fight social injustices of their time. Their methods for successfully utilizing nonviolence were civil disobedience and noncooperation. In April 1930, Gandhi successfully lead the sodium chloride March from Sabarmati, and traveled over 240 miles to Dandi where thousands of Indians produced brininess from their Ocean, defying the British salt monopoly.This act of civil disobedience was to beleaguer the unjust law of British Salt taxes. Similarly, King lead civil disobedience demonstrations with lunch counter sit-ins where black students would try to fight the unjust laws of segregation by sitting at an all white lunch counter. Gandhi also used noncooperation to boycott British.I HAVE A woolgather SPEECHKings ability to focus national attention on orchestrated confrontations with racist authorities, combined with his oration at the 1963 March on Washington, made him the most influential African-American translator of the first half of the 1960s. Martin Luther King showed unalike types of leadership through his preaching, his I remove a Dream speech, boycotts, his marches, and his death. It is a 17-minute globe speech by Martin Luther King, Jr. delivered on August 28, 1963, in which he called for racial equality and an end to discrimination. The speech, from the steps of the capital of Nebraska Memorial during the March on Washington for Jobs and liberty, was a defining moment of the American Civil Rights Movement.Delivered to over 200,000 civil rights supporters, the speech was ranked the top American speech of the 20th century by a 1999 poll of scholars of public address. Dr. King had the power, the ability, and the energy to transform those steps on the Lincoln Memorial into a monumental theater that will forever be recognized. By speaking the way he did, he educated, he inspired, he informed not just the people there, but people throughout America and unborn generations.All of these demonstrations show that he is the greatest leader of all time. He changed America, he changed segregation, he changed the way people think of people. All of his great qualities came in handy for him to be this great leader. To be remembered as a great man and leader ever to live and die doing what he believed in, and what he thought was right.KING AS AN ORTOR He is famous for his wisdom and convincing speeches against segregation of African Americans. He accomplished his success for the most part through speeches, but also through his written essays. Although, his speeches were intense and filled with much persuasion, Martin had a way with words when he wrote too. He analyzed statements and responded in an contentious manner. He demonstrated this through persuasive statements, answering quotes from the community, and used a past leader as an example. Martin Luther King had a way with words. He simply expressed himself in a manner that the people could understand. One way this was proposed, he used persuasive wording in state to demonstrate his particular feeling of that certain topic. Not only did Martin persuade the readers and or listeners with words of wisdom, but he also used quotes, good or bad, to postulate against segregation and to explain why it was unjust. Martins main goal was to make the public aware of the problems it faces every day. His answers provide a continuous void of satisfaction to the readers sensitive eye, but filters those minds whos thoughts were garbled with lies of the community. Martin Luther King Jr. not only answered the community, but he used important men as examples. One of them being, the ever so famous, Adolf Hitler. He displayed courage and wisdom in rare form. Only, to prove his w orth as a U.S. citizen and his worth to his community. Martin Luther King Jr. truly was a magnificent and remarkable man. No matter what the people threw at him he had an answer for it. He used persuasive thoughts and words of wisdom in such a way that he will be remembered as one of the most dominating leaders of his time. ratiocinationThis brings us to a conclusion that King was a great leader and a also man that will never be forgotten. This is because of all the good things that he has done for America and the Black population. No one will ever leave alone this man because of his hard work, determination, committedness to his people, is loyalty to his work, the trust people shared in him, how intelligent he was to make the right decision on his movements and speeches. Martin Luther King is a very inspiring individual, a man that will show you what is right and how it is going to be when all is over. He is the resistant of man that will show you his dreams, and show you how he is feeling. But when it comes down to everything he is on top. He hits every aspect of a not good but great leader. Your forever Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.REFRENCESPrimary Source http//www.thekingcenter.org/archive/theme/4758 Martin Luther King Jr. www.wikipedia.comPeter heather mixtures examination on Kings leadership role during his adjure for peace and justice http//www.bbc.co.uk/history/ young/martin_luther_king_01.shtml Martin Luther King Jr. and the Global Freedom Struggle http//mlk-kpp01.stanford.edu/index.php/encyclopedia/encyclopedia/enc_martin_luther_king_jr_biography/ comparative degree study (Gandhi and king) http//socyberty.com/history/comparing-and-contrasting-gandhi-and-king/ixzz22p4VniYk Analysis of I have a dream speech, by By Stevie Edwards http//www.presentationmagazine.com/analysis-of-martin-luther-kings-i-have-a-dream-speech-8059.htm Fight Against Racism http//www.civilrightsmovement.co.uk/fight-against-racism.html Martin Luther King Jr. Historic site http/ /www.nps.gov/malu/index.htm