My Motivation For Pursue Project Management - 845 Words

At this important juncture in my professional career, I have, after careful consideration of my abilities, academic background and career goals decided to pursue a graduate degree in Project Management which will help me hone my management knowledge and analytical abilities along with interpersonal and leadership skills. In today’s ever growing competitive market the products are getting user friendly, which means products are getting smarter and do the majority of work. Smarter products are complicated, and so is the process to develop them, Project Management is a crucial tool for streamlining complicated processes. As it applies today and in the future, to be successful in the careers mastering technical knowledge will be insufficient, if it is not backed by leadership and management skills. My primary motivation to pursue Project Management Education is to develop business skills, which will help me lead and implement my technical ideas and if required motivate and direct a team towards a common goal. I have successfully earned a master’s degree in Industrial Engineering from SUNY, University at Buffalo in September 2013, which opened avenues for me and led me to my first full-time job. Since graduation, I’ve been on a ceaseless path of learning from working as a Quality Engineer for a small manufacturing company called HDM Hydraulics to where I am now as an RD Quality Engineer for New Product Development at Medtronic. My academic pursuits continued even after startingShow MoreRelatedWhat Does Maslow s Hierarchy Of Needs?804 Words   |  4 Pagesundermining behavior behind motivation in business settings. Since the beginning of time, as the human race has grown and developed, motivation techniques have adapted to suit our needs. From the work of multiple psychologists and scientists, we may have discovered that the current motivation practices may be outdated and ultimately, inefficient. Based on the findings in Drive, I will explain how Maslow’s Theory is mo st consistent with the book and how I related to Pink’s three motivation elements. This bookRead MoreThe Leadership Of The Air Force1068 Words   |  5 Pagesinterest in their work and the welfare of their followers. Throughout my short career in the Air Force I have worked under many managers, but seldom have I had the opportunity to experience true leadership. The following individuals have been the most influential leaders and have helped me understand first hand, the difference between leading and managing: section chief-Derrick Drennan, functional manager-Jonathan Cortez, and my initial supervisor-Celina Hendrickson. Derrick Drennan has beenRead MoreStatement of Purpose for Engineering Management Program Essay734 Words   |  3 Pagesalways encouraged me to study and achieve my goals, I have completed my Bachelors in Engineering from GITAM(Gandhi Institute of technology And Management) University with a first class degree. It is after a good deal of self-evaluation that I have decided to pursue graduate studies in Engineering Management. This decision followed naturally after carefully considering my academic background, the areas of my interest, and my ultimate professional ambition. The way my father used to manage and marshall hisRead MorePredominantly Male Industry ( Nagesh, 2015 )1272 Words   |  6 Pagespredominately male industry (Nagesh, 2015). Ms. Barra’s superior leadership skills and abilities has been proven over and over again. Her ability to start from the bottom and rise to the very top is proof of her tenacity to overcome obstacles, pursue her dreams, and achie ve the very best. Ms. Barra is one of the most influential leaders in the world today, and has subsequently turned GM around. Two weeks following her promotion to GM’s newest CEO, Ms. Barra learned of the faulty ignition-switchRead MoreWhat I Learned At The Early World Of My Life923 Words   |  4 Pagesstages of my life. Since childhood, I have been fascinated to explore the world of computers. My schooling at one the top most schools provided me enough exposure to technological world very early in my life. This caught my eye and helped me choose and pursue my field of interest. For me motivation is learning or getting influenced by others. I was motivated in early stages of life after facing lot of challenges, emerging victorious, and building my goals. My mother is an important person in my life.Read MoreThe Sustainability Of A Successful Scholar1676 Words   |  7 Pagesrequirements and diligently evaluates a host of variables when developing their research question(s). Accomplished researchers assess the feasibility of a project, manage its scope, explore the potential significance of their research to their profession, and conduct a thoughtful self-evaluation of their interest and thus, the sustainability of a potential project. However, the work does not end here; writing a dissertation, or writing with the intent of publication also requires the ability to organize yourRead MorePersonal Goals1508 Words   |  7 Pageswell as motivation for earning the degree: Professionally, my goals are to improve job performance, expand skills, to eventually take on projects that are bigger in scope, and to work towards senior leadership roles that come with greater responsibility. I also wish to obtain PMP certification. I would especially like to expand my knowledge of research, writing, and business analyses and metrics. My personal goals include intellectual development and continuing education, and to challenge my criticalRead MoreWhat Motivates A Team?942 Words   |  4 Pagesteam? I began to think about a time when motivation was lacking in a previous work setting. It was a time when your achievements were not recognized, a time when you were given new responsibilities with little or no training. As I read the course materials, I began to identify the basic requirements of motivating a team as well as the elements that discourage a team. Most importantly, I was able to identify with the true meaning of motivation. Motivation is defined as the process that initiate,Read MoreIESE Application Essay for Ph. D in Management809 Words   |  4 Pagesof curiosity. Little did I know then that this job would help me understand what I really want for myself. Working at Coca-Cola provided me with ample opportunities to understand the management and functioning of multinational companies. However, I always found myself looking for challenges in the field of management that were more intellectual than managerial. As I realized I might be a good candidate for a career in academia, I accepted the position of visiting lecturer of Statistics at Thames InternationalRead MorePhd Statement of Purpose1320 Words   |  6 PagesI am submitting my credentials for admission to the Ph.D. program in Organizational Behavior at Purdue University because I want to pursue a career in teaching and organizational consulting. To be more specific, I am interested in studying the factors that influence employee motivation, employee productivity in differe nt environments and the effects of layoffs on employee motivation. In order to better understand these issues, it is extremely essential for me to have a strong command of various

The Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman - 885 Words

All throughout history there has been a stigma around mental illness and feminism. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† was written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman in the 1900’s. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† has many hidden truths within the story. The story was an embellished version her own struggle with what was most likely post-partum depression. As the story progresses, one can see that she is not receiving proper treatment for her depression and thus it is getting worse. Gilman uses the wallpaper and what she sees in it to symbolize her desire to escape her depression and the controlling nature of the patriarchal society of the twentieth century. The story shows an inside look into the thoughts and feelings of a person with a mental illness such as depression. Gilman also uses symbolism to showcase how the male figures in her life had control over her well-being more than she did. Both her husband and doctor hindered her from healing by not listening to her when she expr essed what she felt would help her. She does not clearly say that she feels overwhelmed by the patriarchal society of the 1900’s; however, one can infer this by her wording and actions throughout the course of the story. Charlotte Perkins Gilman uses â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† to reveal the truths of a woman’s everyday struggles in a patriarchal society and also the deeper struggles of a woman with depression. There has always been a stigma around mental illness. This stigma makes it difficult for the ones who suffer withShow MoreRelatedThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman846 Words   |  4 PagesHumans are flawed individuals. Although flaws can be bad, people learn and grow from the mistakes made. Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s short story, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, gives one a true look at using flaws to help one grow. Gilman gives her reader’s a glimpse into what her life would have consisted of for a period of time in her l ife. Women were of little importance other than to clean the house and to reproduce. This story intertwines the reality of what the lives of woman who were considered toRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1362 Words   |  6 Pagesas freaks. In the short story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, both of these elements are present. Gilman did a wonderful job portraying how women are not taken seriously and how lightly mental illnesses are taken. Gilman had, too, had firsthand experience with the physician in the story. Charlotte Perkins Gilman s believes that there really was no difference in means of way of thinking between men or women is strongly. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is a short story about a woman whoRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1547 Words   |  7 PagesCharlotte Perkins Gilman s career as a leading feminists and social activist translated into her writing as did her personal life. Gilma n s treatment for her severe depression and feelings of confinement in her marriage were paralleled by the narrator in her shorty story, The Yellow Wallpaper. Charlotte Perkins Gilman was born in 1860 in Hartford, Connecticut. Her parents, Mary Fitch Perkins and Fredrick Beecher Perkins, divorced in 1869. Her dad, a distinguished librarian and magazine editorRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman2032 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman is a poem about women facing unequal marriages, and women not being able to express themselves the way they want too. Charlotte Perkins Gilman was born in 1860, and died in 1935. This poem was written in 1892. When writing this poem, women really had no rights, they were like men’s property. So writing â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† during this time era, was quite shocking and altered society at the time. (Charlotte Perkins Gilman and the Feminization ofRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman904 Words   |  4 Pagescom/us/definiton/americaneglish/rest-cure?q=rest+cure). Charlotte Perkins Gilman wrote The Yellow Wallpaper as a reflection of series of events that happened in her own life. Women who fought the urge to be the typical stereotype were seen as having mental instabilities and were considered disobedient. The societal need for women to conform to the standards in the 1800s were very high. They were to cook, clean and teach their daughters how to take care of the men. Gilman grew up without her father and she vowedRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman999 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is a story of a woman s psychological breakdown, which is shown through an imaginative conversation with the wallpaper. The relationship between the female narrator and the wallpaper reveals the inner condition of the narrator and also symbolically shows how women are oppressed in society. The story, read through a feminist lens, reflects a woman s struggle against the patriarchal power structure. In the â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, Charlotte Perkins Gilman uses the wallpaperRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman Essay1208 Words   |  5 Pagesthat wallpaper as I did?† the woman behind the pattern was an image of herself. She has been the one â€Å"stooping and creeping.† The Yellow Wallpaper was written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. In the story, three characters are introduced, Jane (the narrator), John, and Jennie. The Yellow Wallpaper is an ironic story that takes us inside the mind and emotions of a woma n suffering a slow mental breakdown. The narrator begins to think that another woman is creeping around the room behind the wallpaper, attemptingRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman846 Words   |  4 PagesThe dignified journey of the admirable story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† created by Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s, gave the thought whether or not the outcome was influenced by female oppression and feminism. Female oppression and feminist encouraged a series of women to have the freedom to oppose for their equal rights. Signified events in the story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† resulted of inequality justice for women. Charlotte Perkins Gilman gave the reader different literary analysis to join the unjustifiableRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1704 Words   |  7 PagesEscaping The Yellow Wallpaper Charlotte Perkins Gilman (1860-1935) whom is most acclaimed for her short story The Yellow Wallpaper (1891) was a women’s author that was relatively revolutionary. Gilman makes an appalling picture of captivity and confinement in the short story, outlining a semi-personal photo of a young lady experiencing the rest cure treatment by her spouse, whom in addition to being her husband was also her therapist. Gilman misused the rest cure in The Yellow Wallpaper to alarm otherRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman948 Words   |  4 Pagesthis and in ways that lead them to depression, anxiety, who knows what else. In the story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman the main character, Jane, faces those terrible things that eventually lead her to becoming insane. The traits that make up who Jane is, provides the readers with the importance of her identity throughout the story and they also make up the context of â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaperà ¢â‚¬ . Trying to free herself from her nervous depression, Jane is propelled into insanity. The

Confucius Free Essays

Q3. Explain Confucius concept of virtue or de. Why does Confucius think a hermit cannot be virtuous? Confucius believed that the problem with government and society was caused by a lack of virtue. We will write a custom essay sample on Confucius or any similar topic only for you Order Now Confucius considered gravity, generosity of soul, sincerity, earnestness and kindness all virtuous. ?According to Confucius if you are a hermit you cannot be virtuous. He argued that if you are virtuous, people will be attracted to you willing to provide you with help and information, and happily follow orders. Confucius even went as far as to say virtue is never solitary it always has neighbors (Analects; 4:25). Confucius would say living virtuous is the best way because it would help you live a fulfilling and righteous life. Q4. What is the Concept of â€Å"Wu Wei† or Non Action in Lao Tzu’s Tao Te Ching? How does a ruler combat social problems through â€Å" non-action† is it doing nothing? Provide an example from the text of ruling through non-action. The concept of Wu Wei or non-Action means going with the flow, it is the path of least resistance and effort, for there is no action without reaction, no desire with out restraint. It means to find that path of least effort, for whatever we do always has a reaction. Do not seek to force something to happen. To rule through non-action â€Å"do not glorify heroes, and people will not contend. Don’t treasure rare objects and people will not steal. Don’t display what people desire and their hearts will not be disturbed. † (Tao Te Ching p. 3) Live in a good place. Keep your mind deep. Treat others well. Stand by your word. Make fair rules. Do the right thing. Work when its time. Only do not contend, and you will not go wrong. †(Tao te Ching p. 8) Q5. In Walden, Thoreau famously states most people live lives of â€Å"quiet desperation. † What makes Americans so desperate? Why does he think they suffer silently? Why are they so resigned to their fate? To explain Thoreau’s quote â€Å"most people live lives of quiet desperation†, he believed that the pursuit of success and wealth cheapened the lives of those engaged in it making them unable to appreciate the simpler pleasures. Thoreau describes most people live, spending all their time and energy working to acquire luxuries; this does not lead to human happiness. Thoreau says that the ownership of such things is actually a disadvantage, one who owns them must take care of them, while one who owns little has more freedom to do as he pleases. This is why Thoreau chose to live simply and cheaply in a house he built and why he thinks Americans are desperate and suffer silently. Q6. In the Analects, Confucius claims that â€Å" the Virtue of the gentleman is like the wind, and the virtue of the petty person is like that of the grass- when the wind moves over the grass, the grass is sure to bend† what does Confucius mean by this? What does he imply about the masses? How do they learn virtue? Confucius refers to the virtuous person as the wind. Confucius often describes being virtuous has an effect on a person and virtuous people have a force, that attracts others around them. Confucius implies about the masses that virtuous will be stronger than the petty. According to Confucius â€Å"The gentleman brings out the best in others, and does not bring out the worst. The petty man does the opposite†. (The Analects 12. 16) This means that the virtuous people would ultimately influence the rest like when the wind blows the grass it is sure to move. Q7. How does Thoreau define freedom? Why does he think a life of simplicity can restore freedom? In his book Walden, Thoreau defines freedom as â€Å"living free and uncommitted. † He describes that he once considered buying a farm. He realized, though, that a person did not have to own a farm to enjoy those things such as the beauty of its landscape. Thoreau concludes: â€Å"But I would say to my fellows, once for all, as long as possible live free and uncommitted. It makes little difference whether you are committed to a farm or the county jail. ’’ Thoreau tells his readers to simplify their lives as well so that they may live fully and freely. How to cite Confucius, Essay examples

Electronic Waste free essay sample

Don’t Be Haste to E-Waste Electronic-waste (e-waste) has emerged as a critical global environmental health issue in both developed and developing nations. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) refers to e-waste as electronic products that are discarded by consumers. More specifically, e-waste is a generic term that encompasses various forms of electrical and electronic equipment that may be old, might have reached end-of-life and most importantly cease to be of any value to their present owners.These electronics include computers, printers, television sets, mobile phones, video game consoles, and VCR and DVD players, among other products. As the demand for newer, more effective and efficient technology increases, the life span of electronic products is becoming shorter and shorter; thus, our consumer society today, which Annie Leonard’s The Story of Stuff describes as a society with a throwaway mindset, discards significant amounts of e-waste worldwide as older and out-of-date electronic items become obsolete. Sound management is imperative to face the challenges that come about as a result of this new kind of waste; and while certain nations such as the United States and Japan have refocused their attention on recycling for the management of electronic waste, it is up to society at large—whether it be individual consumers, large corporations, or non-governmental organizations—to take action in reducing the amounts of e-waste produced. According to the EPA, e-waste is the fastest growing stream of municipal solid waste, growing at about 4% a year; however, its management remains a significant environment health concern.It is estimated that 20-50 million tons of e-waste are produced annually worldwide; the United States, Western Europe, China, Japan, and Australia are the major producers (Davis and Herat 2010, 707). Although it does not create visible heaps of trash like municipal waste, e-waste is very complex, non-biodegradable and toxic. Electronic and electrical appliances are made up of thousands of different parts that consist of hundreds of different substances—plastics, metals, glass as well as organic and inorganic compounds.Compounds such as brominates, flame retardants, metals like lead, mercury, cadmium and chromium compounds found in these appliances are highly dangerous persistent organic pollutants that pose health and environment risks. These chemicals bio-accumulate as they move through the food-chain making the hazards more acute in the event of incorrect disposal and inappropriate recycling techniques. Without the appropriate facilities to safeguard environmental and human health, the techniques used in recycling of e-waste are often primitive.These include removing electronic components from printed circuit boards by heating them over a grill using honeycombed coal blocks as fuel, chipping and melting plastics without proper ventilation, disposing unsalvageable materials in the fields and riverbanks, stripping metals in open-pit acid baths to recover gold and other materials, and so forth. All of these practices contribute to the release of toxic metals such as lead, as well as persistent organic pollutants and flame retardants, into the environment, which may affect human health either directly or indirectly.Moreover, the US only recycles 18% of e-waste collected, with the remaining 80% sent to the landfill and 2% for incineration (EPA 2008). About 50-80% of the e-waste collected for recycling in industrialized countries like the US end up in recycling centers—or landfill s—in China, India, Pakistan, Vietnam, and the Philippines because dealing with e-waste responsibly is expensive (UNEP 2005). As a result, these developing countries along with more are generating more and more e-waste in their own territories, so that countries like the US can avoid the costs of responsible recycling.Specialists make the claim that the products are slated for â€Å"resuse† to get around import restrictions (Leonard, 2008); however the purpose of recycling activities in these countries is to primarily recover gold, silver, copper, and other metals for profit (Huo 2007). The environmental consequence is dire in these regions if the activities remain unchecked and out of control. Further the recycling processes of dismantling, burning, heating, and so forth expose workers and residents to dangerous mixtures of metals and pollutants.Ultimately, irreparable damage is done not only to the environment but also to innocent civilians during these processes when compared to the short-term monetary gains. The matters are worsened by the fact that public at large remains unaware of the toxic footprints they generate. Annie Leonard describes in her movie, The Story of Stuff, that products in our consumer culture are â€Å"designed for the dump. † That is, whether it’s through advertisements or celebrity endorsements, one is not â€Å"trendy† or up-to-date without the latest and the greatest gadget.People abandon their perfectly functional electronic products and purchase a newer upgrade, which may only have one or two innovations with imp unity and without hesitation. For example, it has only been one year since Apple has come out with its newest generation of its iPad (it was available for purchase on March 11, 2011); however, Apple within one year has come out with its third generation of its product: the iPad 3. Personally, I myself have been guilty of such a mindset, which is why I find this particular issue to be so significant in our society today. Engraved in our minds is the model of consumer culture—buy, buy, buy.Rarely do people ever think of the consequences that occur as a result of their replacement of older products with newer ones. As a matter of fact, throughout the course of my own life, I have owned a total of eleven phones. From phones breaking, to wanting newer models, I, like most people in the US, did not think twice about the consequences that result from such carelessness. In fact, the average cell phone can contain up to or more than forty elements from the periodic table (UNEP 2009), which when disposed of cause h arm to the environment. Overall, current consumption patterns are unsustainable and inequitable.Change is needed to fix this disaster. Therefore, in order to reduce the amount of e-waste in present day, it is up to individual consumers to begin to realize that their actions have consequences to them. However it is not just up to consumers to be responsible, but it is also up to producers to provide some extended responsibility. That is, people seldom have any incentive to do good in that environmentally conscious owners who want to do the right thing in disposing of their outdate electronics usually must reach into their own pockets to make sure that these machines either find new homes or are recycled properly.Therefore, companies should engage in what Leonard calls, â€Å"Producer Takeback,† in which a product and waste management system is created to take responsibility for the safe management of their products when they are no longer useful or discarded. Since the companies have made the product , it should be their responsibility to deal with it. Also another feasible device to improve environmental impacts due to e-waste would be the implementation of a front-end fee; that is, a set amount of money that consumers would have to pay as a part of the cost of a new product (more or less like an environmental tax).In turn, the money collected from the fee would be placed in a fund of sorts that would help to finance the safe recycling and disposal of electronic products. The money could also go into research conducted by experts—environmental scientists, engineers, and other professionals—to minimize the exposure of toxic chemicals in the manufacturing of electronic devices, which would increase preventative measures. Ultimately, as the volume of electronic waste continues to grow, answers on what to do about it grow increasingly important.Some state and local governments are demonstrating leadership on the issue. For example, the Minnesota Office of Environmental Assistance (OEA) was able to get Sony Electronics, Panasonic, the Waste Management-Asset Recovery Group, and the American Plastics Council to provide statewide recycling for electronics, while also measuring the marketability of the products collected, which shows that the electronics industry is showing its willingness to be a part of the process. Also California, along with Massachusetts, has taken the lead in banning cathode ray tubes (CRTs) from landfills. Moreover, recent legislation both in the US and abroad—particularly Europe and Japan—has begun to shift towards waste management, namely e-waste, because the deteriorating effect it has on the environment and the decreasing capacity of landfills. However, our nation and other nations as well, have a long way to go. Although the federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act prohibits companies from shipping their old computer monitors to landfills, there is nothing to stop the vast majority of individuals and many small businesses from simply putting their outdated electronics out with the rest of their trash.Additionally, in the US, it is still considered legal under the law to export most e-waste to developing nations. Therefore, in order to remedy this current dilemma we face today, more stringent and effective regulations are necessary in regards to e-waste management and environmental issues. Both developed and developing nations share a responsibility in the regul ation of electronic manufacturing and the movement of those goods across borders.It is up to individual consumers, producing corporations, and local and national governments, to come up with a solution to limit the excess waste produced annually by electronics. Bibliography Leonard, Annie. The Story of Stuff. 2008. Film strip, http://www. storyofstuff. org/movies-all/story-of-stuff/. Davis G, Heart S. 2010. Opportunities and Constraints for Developing a Sustainable E-waste Management System at Local Government Level in Australia. Waste Management Resolution 28; 705-713. U. S. EPA. 2008. Management of Electronic Waste in the United States: Approach 1.

Symbolism in “A Good Man Is Hard to Find” Essay Example

Symbolism in â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† Paper Mary Flannery O’Connor was an influential American writer who was born in 1925, writing two novels, thirty-two short stories and numerous essays and reviews. Her life was complicated by a fifteen-year battle with lupus and she died at the age of thirty-nine. Her philosophy on fiction writing was that it should first and foremost be based in the solidly concrete world (Olson, 42). This is the essence of how she breathed life into her work. She explored symbolism and deeper themes as well, but they came after the concrete details. Some persistent symbolic themes in her writing include farms, small towns, hallucinations or hallucinations, the south, violence, prejudice, self-discovery, and, her most common theme, religion and the Catholic faith (Irving, 113). O’Connor uses recurring themes and symbolism in all of her stories, none more so that â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find. † These symbols are hidden in the prose and unlocking them adds to the depth, influence and impact of the story. The prevalent symbolism used pertains to the Catholic faith, Jesus and judgment. She also uses color and character to tie in the idea of the changing times and society’s disintegration. Everything from the name of the town they are seeking, the forest and the journey itself are used by in this story to represent a deeper truth. They explore the innermost struggle of man and the quest for self-identity and understanding and the need for a person to face their own reality by delving into their character rather than the place they believe they hold in the society and the concrete world. We will write a custom essay sample on Symbolism in â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Symbolism in â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Symbolism in â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The characters of the grandmother and the Misfit symbolize different aspects of human self-awareness as well as the idea of Jesus, redemption and hypocrisy. Their depiction as symbols instead of solidly real individuals is evident in their names – they are not given one. Instead they are referred to by the place they hold in society, the â€Å"grandmother†, the â€Å"Misfit,† which is more important than who they are as people. The grandmother is the sinner, so blinded by her own self-perceived morality and social identity that she is blinded to her own faults and therefore fails to repent. Her faith is all about appearances rather than sincerity, such as her selection for her attire and the reason for it, Her collars and cuffs were white organdy trimmed with lace and at her neckline she had pinned a purple spray of cloth violets containing a sachet. In case of an accident, anyone seeing her dead on the highway would know at once that she was a lady (O’Connor, 118). The Misfit, while the villain of the tale, sits as judge and jury. He is the only one in the story that contemplates the deeper truth to man’s existence, indicating his contemplative nature and the need for man to question their existence, â€Å"Jesus was the only One that ever raised the dead . . . He shouldn’t have done it . . . If He did what He said, then it’s nothing to do but throw away everything and follow Him, and if He didn’t, then it’s nothing for you to do but enjoy the few minutes you got left† (O’Connor, 132). While the grandmother fails to recognize her own faults, the Misfit knows not only his own failings but also those of others, indicating the all-seeing eye of Jesus (Bonney, 351). When she is left alone with the Misfit, after several tries, she manages to say, â€Å"Jesus, Jesus,† meaning that the Misfit should pray, yet it came out as a curse. This statement is evidence that she secretly blames God and Christ for her dilemma. The Misfit on the other hand does not believe in a higher power even as he symbolizes one. Additionally, the Misfit originally chose the pseudonym he holds because he believed he was punished excessively for his perceived crime, which he does not remember. This is similar to how Jesus died for the sins of all mankind, as He did not have any of his own. The grandmother brings up Jesus and prayer because she is trying to find a way out so she hopes to instill grace and regret in the Misfit; she does so to save her own life rather than because she believed: she is a hypocrite. After recognizing the Misfit’s identity, much as one recognizes the presence of God at the time of judgment, the grandmother devotes herself to trying to escape the net she is caught in rather than in the act of prayer. She even denies Jesus, even calling the Misfit Jesus, in an attempt to stave off her own demise and offers counterfeit affection to the Misfit in order to persuade him to relent, â€Å"’Why you’re one of my babies . . . one of my own children! ’ She reached out and touched him† (O’Connor, 132). The Misfit recognized the falseness of her actions and shot her through the chest, much as Jesus knows when a person’s belief is true or if they merely seem faithful. While the grandmother has a greater capacity for grace than the Misfit does, she fails to fulfill it (Bandy, 110). The family’s journey itself is a symbol of man’s walk of faith. The grandmother does not wish to go to Florida, does not wish to walk the correct path and stay true to her beliefs. When her requests are ignored and she is forced to travel to Florida instead of Tennessee, she dresses it up in artifice rather than sincerity. At the first opportunity, she attempts to detour the family to another road, using persuasion and deception to generate supporters, she steers others away from the path of God as well. This is their undoing as it places them directly in the way of tragedy. Here too, the Misfit symbolizes Jesus. As Jesus knows when a person is unfaithful, the Misfit judges and punishes the family for their lack of faith (Bandy, 111). At the beginning of the story, the children play the game of identifying shapes in the clouds. This ties into the use of symbols to represent the grandmother’s superficial faith. Clouds are ever changing decorations of the sky, much as she ‘decorates’ herself in lady like apparel in order to portray an image that she does not feel. The clouds present an appearance of one thing but are in fact quite different. After the family’s accident, the Misfit comments that the sky is without sun or clouds: the artifice has been stripped away as well as the guide for the grandmother to follow – the sun, which is always present in the day, is identified as absent here. The Misfit sees the truth of the grandmother’s character and does not allow her to hide behind false pretenses or recover her lost path; she is to be punished for her crime. Here, the Misfit is the vengeful God and the sinner is not so innocent. Rather that symbolizing innocence, as children often do in works of fiction, in â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find,† they represent the aspects of life that one cannot control and the truth that those events hold. In the beginning of the story, as the grandmother attempts to dissuade the family from going to Florida and to go instead to Tennessee, John Wesley asks the grandmother why she does not just stay home. June Star replies â€Å"She wouldn’t stay home to be queen for a day. † Only June Star recognizes this aspect of her grandmother’s personality and is forthright enough to mention. Throughout the story, June Star speaks her truth honestly and openly, though her opinions are high-minded and prejudicial. The Misfit mentions his unease with children, saying that they make him nervous. He recognizes their capacity for unpredictable behavior, as the road of life is unpredictable, and asks his companions to rein them in. There are many symbols of death through the story, particularly toward the end of the family’s journey. The name of the town the grandmother is seeking is called Toombsboro, clearly calling to mind the image of a tomb. She is inadvertently seeking death. The dark and heavy forest near where the family has their accident is a symbol of death as well, with its shadows, hidden threats and unknowable reality. Indeed, five members of the family find their end in these woods. The car driven by the Misfit and his two companions is described as â€Å"hearse-like;† a very blatant symbol of death and one’s journey to what waits beyond. Another symbol used throughout the story is the color red, used to represent the fact that society is changing. Red is the most used color in the work, creating a link for each character and event to follow. The grandmother and Red Sammy, the restaurant owner, reminisce together on better times, revealing their own prejudice on how things have changed. This identifies Red Sammy as a symbol of those changing times. When she later remembers that the plantation is in another state, she goes â€Å"red. † This ties her embarrassment to Red Sammy – red and Red – and their discussion of the good old days. She had failed to recall them correctly and she was deeply embarrassed. Later, when the men get out of the car, it is revealed that one of the occupants was wearing a red sweatshirt, another tie to red. The third man’s ankles were also described as red as he was climbing down the embankment and the Misfit’s eyes are described as â€Å"red-rimmed. † It also symbolizes anger as the grandmother is angered by the fact that the times had changed. These images further symbolize the way society had altered as these men represent those changes. This color symbolism ties each of these aspects of the story together in a united theme. The symbolism used in this story instills in the reader a deeper sense of appreciation as well as a desire to look into themselves in order to discover their own truth. The united themes and symbolism tie the story together and without them, the depiction created would be hollow, without a soul or any real meaning. O’Connor centers her stories around the concrete world; yet, it is the depth she weaves into her fiction that makes it so valuable. The Christian faith is clearly her resounding symbol in this story, yet other aspects of it stand forth as well. The grandmother and the Misfit are not people; they are representations of the flaws and frailties in all human beings, the ones that define man as a sinner and make mankind run from itself. By penning these startling tributes to self-discovery and truth, O’Connor is able to grasp the very real and necessary desire for society to examine itself neutrally rather than with rose-colored glasses. Works Cited Bandy, Stephen. â€Å"`One of My Babies: The misfit and the grandmother. † Studies in Short Fiction; Winter96, Vol. 33 Issue 1. 107-118. Bonney, William. â€Å"The Moral Structure of Flannery OConnors A Good Man is Hard to Find. † Studies in Short Fiction; Summer 90, Vol. 27 Issue 3, 347-356. Irving, Malin. â€Å"Flannery O’Connor and the Grotesque. † In the Added Dimension: The Art and Mind of Flannery O’Connor. Melvin Friedman and Lewis A. Lawson, eds. New York: Fordham University Press, 1966. 113-114. O’Connor, Flannery. â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find. † The Complete Stories. New York: Ferrar, Straus and Giroux, 1971. 117-133. Olson, Steven. â€Å"Tarwater’s Hats. † Studies in the Literary Imagination; Fall 1987, Vol. 20, Issue 2, 37-49.

How To Set Up A Computer essays

How To Set Up A Computer essays When you set up a computer, all you have to do is set it in the desired location, and hook up the connections. There are pieces that you must have when setting up a computer. Those pieces are; a keyboard, a mouse, a monitor, a tower, and two power cables (one for the monitor, and one for the tower). If you have just bought a new computer, it may come with more than those things. I am not going to get into those, I am just explaining how to set up a basic computer. You may want to use a surge protector to protect your computer from the damage of a power outage. If you follow these steps correctly, you should have a working computer ready for you to use. You should to start by finding your desired location for the computer. Some people use a desk, a table, or sometimes the floor. For this set of instructions, I am going to be using a table. Begin by placing the monitor on the table. You want to set it a little further away from you than the center, but not much. Now, take the tower and set it on the left or right side of table, on the floor, or if you want, right next to the monitor. The next thing that you want to do, is to set the keyboard out in front of the monitor. Placing it so that if you try to type on it, you will be comfortable. Right next to it, on the left or right side, depending on if you are right or left handed, place the mouse. I am right handed, so I will put it on the right side. If you have a mouse pad, you can place it under the mouse. If you do not, it will work fine without one. Make sure that you have everything sitting in a good position so that you are comfortable, and you can have optimal perf ormance on the computer. Now that you have everything positioned how you want it, the next thing you need to do is hook it up. Walk around to the back of the tower and plug in the power cable. The power cable is one of the two cables that will actually go into an outlet. Take the end of the ca...

Effect of Ocean acidification upon ability to genetically adapt in Essay

Effect of Ocean acidification upon ability to genetically adapt in Nereis species - Essay Example This change affects the small marine organisms the most. The decrease in pH affects their physiological processes mainly their metabolic rates and oxygen intake processes. Calcifying species are also affected due to the decrease in CO32- ions, which are used in forming CaCO3. Due to these effects, the species have to adapt to these changes in order to counter the negative effects on their physiology. These changes may be phenotypic for short term or genotypic for long term. This paper investigates the effect of ocean acidity on the genetic makeup of the Nereis species (Australian Biological Resources Study, 2000, p.45). Due to the increase in the ocean water acidity, the marine species have adapted to the change in pH. All the specimens have the same gene expression alterations when exposed to low pH. All the species experience phenotype plasticity when exposed to low pH levels. These effects can be determined by scientific methods. Species from the low pH region of Ischia have adapted to low pH (Armstrong, A. 2013, p593). Six marine species were picked for the research namely; Polychaetes, Nerissuccinea, Nereisdiversicolor, Nereisvirens, Platyneiresdemerilli and Nereiszonata. The worms were collected from different areas. Some samples were from Ischia region, a place with low pH value due to CO2 vents. These samples were exposed to low pH value environments for short time and long-term durations. The control group was set in normal pH environment. The pH value affects energy production processes in the specimens. With differences in pH, the individuals of the Nereis genus undergo some changes in energy production. The samples from the regions of low pH show the least changes, having adapted to low pH levels. All the specimens are affected by extremely low pH levels but the specimens from the vents show the most resilience since they have already adapted to low pH environs. This is because their metabolic activity is always heightened. The responses

Students perceptions of women in advertising commercials Coursework

Students perceptions of women in advertising commercials - Coursework Example This essay "Students’ perceptions of women in advertising commercials" describes how women portrayed in advertisement and the impact of the usage of women in ads on consumers' behavior. According to Wolin, gender appears to be an important factor when planning a communication strategy yet this study reveals that race is also an important consideration. This study can inform design managers working to develop effective communication strategies. It is difficult to conceive of a person alive today who has never seen or heard an advertisement, even for those who don’t commonly watch TV or listen to the radio. However, according to Television Statistics, an average person living in the modern world watches television one to four hours per day. During these hours of watching television, there is a great probability that this person will see at least one advertisement. But the way in which the viewer will react to this advertisement can vary widely. While probabilities can be determined regarding what percentage of viewers will react positively versus those who will react negatively or indifferently, getting more specific than this is very difficult and depends to a great deal on what images and ideas are included in the advertisement itself. The use of women in advertising is one of the most controversial issues in contemporary marketing. Cortese claims that the way in which women are used in advertising exposes the ideological beliefs in dominance and control that remain a strong feature of contemporary commerce despite feminist efforts. According to Mayne (2002), women are frequently shown in television advertisements to market cosmetics, personal hygiene products or products for cleaning the home. This reinforces the message that women's priorities should be centred on improving their looks or caring for the interior of the home. Culture is one of the more significant aspects of society that can determine the potential reaction of the viewer to a given message. Although there are many different types of cultures living together in one country, people with similar backgrounds, ethnicities or belief systems tend to share similar values (Gupta, et al, 2007). But what is culture' According to Hofstede "culture is the collective

Compare the Boston with PA and answer the following questions Essay

Compare the Boston with PA and answer the following questions - Essay Example Thus, the Greater Boston region is a home to 4.5 Million people. The city’s population density is 5,203 people per square mile. On the other hand, basing on the 2010 United States Census, Pennsylvania has a population of is 12,742,886 people (Sapp and Solomon 81-82). With respect to land composition, Palo Alto has a total area of 25.8 square miles.1.9 square miles is covered by water while 23.9 square miles is covered by land. On the other hand Pennsylvania covers a total of 46,055 square miles of which 1239 is covered by water whereas 44,817 square miles is covered by land. In terms of average income, as determined by the 2000 U.S Census statistics, the average income for the Bolton city is $39,629. The average family income is $44,151. The per capita income of the city is $23,353. In addition, 19.5 percent of the population as well as 15.3 percent of families live below poverty line. On the other hand, Pennsylvania has a Gross State Product of $570. It has an average per-capita GSP of $39,830.In terms of poverty, 4.8 percent of the population and 3.2 percent of families live below poverty line (Sapp and Solomon 84). With regards to lifestyle, Boston has one of the highest living cots in the United States. It is an international hub for reputable higher educational and medicinal centers. The city has been ranked third in the United States as per livability rankings. On the other hand, the people in Pennsylvania like mushroom and wine. The quality of life in the state is incredible as well. It is also a religious center with the notable churches being the Roman Catholic and protestant churches. The two cities have taken various initiatives in enhancing a reduction in environmental pollution and promoting environmental conservation. In this purview, it is apparent that Boston has always been in the frontline to ensure environmental conservation. This is bolstered by the Boston

Conflict Resolution In Civil Engineering Construction Industry

Conflict Resolution In Civil Engineering Construction Industry Introduction Conflict exists in society generally, includes in family, work and so on. It is important and necessary to resolve all kinds of conflicts efficiently and successfully. Inevitably, conflict is also a reality in the civil engineering construction industry. It influences the operation of projects, increases the cost of projects, wastes various resources, delays the duration of engineering, decreases staff motivation. Conflict has become a serious problem in the civil engineering construction industry (Davies, 1998). Conflict resolution becomes more and more useful and crucial. There are four objectives in the report: define the concepts of conflict and construction industry, expound the significance of conflict resolution, investigate the reasons of causing conflicts and recommend some methods to resolve conflicts. Methodology In the report, there are four main objectives. There are three main steps to accomplish the objectives. The inductive approach is used in the report. Firstly, finding out the key words of the report topic, it is necessary to read some books, journals, periodicals and articles from library and websites. People could understand the concept of conflict, the significance of conflict resolution, reason of causing conflicts and how to resolve conflicts. Secondly, according to the knowledge, author could define concepts, understand different opinions from different writers and analyze the different opinions. Thirdly, after studying and pondering, author expounds her own ideas of the four objectives. Literature review The definition of conflict is that the process of cooperation is incompatible and unfavorable (Rahim, 1992). It is universal and exists with incompatible cooperation (Davies, 1998). Conflict exists in all more than one personal work environment. It is people used to considering their own interest rather than others (Humphrey, 2008). Hellard (1992) thought that conflict is not only caused by a train of events. Peoples emotions could involve in the events and influence the causing of conflicts inevitably. The civil engineering construction industry needs many professional people to involve in, such as Architects, Structure Designers, Constructors, Building and Quantity Surveyors and so on. There are some kinds of conflicts in building industry, Zikmann (1992, p55) said that these include â€Å"interest conflicts, structural conflicts, value conflicts, relationship conflicts and data conflicts†. Conflicts occur commonly between main contractors and the sub-contractors (Harding, 1991; as quoted in Langford, 1992). Not only have that, but conflict also occurred between contractors and clients, or contractors and clients architects. Some elements, such as project types and sizes, procurement systems and government policy, could influence the conflict aspects (Lavers, 1992). Effectively managed conflicts are necessary. It requires that the construction managers have enough abilities to resolve conflicts. The reason of causing conflicts is various. The majority of conflicts are developed because these are not responded correctly and timely. On the contrary, poor managed conflicts could deteriorate the issues (Zikmann, 1992). There are some reasons of causing conflicts in construction industry. Some are because the construction plan is not clear. It confuses both client and contractor. Some are because over-scope of task between contractor and his subcontractors. The contractor requires subcontractors to do extra work. Some are because time is not enough to complete the project. Others are because the client asks for extra work but refuse to pay more money and extend the time of completion (Klinger, 2009). Contingency is another reason of causing conflicts. In construction industry, the roles of every part could change. It means that in the new environment, there are some barriers to influence relationship balance (Langford, 1992). It is a key ability for managers to manage the complicated relationship networks of project which is limited time and budget (Zikmann, 1992). Dispute avoidance is useful in construction management. Conflicts are often caused by wrong consideration, inadequate preparatory and plan or poor project procedures and budget. The popular ways to avoid conflicts are early negotiation, risk audits and training (Brewer, 2007). The best way to resolve conflicts is prevention. It requires project managers to acquaint the objectives of client, make reasonable project plan and have the ability of prediction. People can pinpoint the reason of causing conflicts before happening, but it is difficult to predict when the conflict will occur. Therefore, the certainty of predicting conflicts at the beginning and end is less than in a construction project (Cree, 1992). Not only prediction, but also communication could help to resolve conflicts. Poor communication could cause misunderstanding (Mackie, 1992). Follett(1940, as quoted in Rahim, 1992) said that there are some mains to resolve conflicts, such as domination, compromise, consolidation, avoidance and suppression. Fenn (1992) said that the new method to resolve conflicts is alternatives of litigation and arbitration. KuTenk (2000) classified the strategy of conflict resolution into three parts, avoidance, diffusion and antagonism. It is the method to resolve general conflicts and problems. It lacks of pertinence for construction industry. For construction industry, managers need the ability to negotiate to resolve conflicts (Jambro and Siddiqi, 2008). Negotiation is the most common method to resolve conflicts. It is more flexible, economic and efficient than other methods (Dieterle and Ramirez, 2001). Mediation could assist negotiation. Parties select a mediator to help them resolve the conflicts. Mediators could assist all parties to resolve but they have no right to compel any party to agree (Goodman, 2006). Arbitration was the favored method to resolve conflicts in 1980s and 1990s. It is efficient and economical. Litigation is resolution of conflicts in the court. It is a long and expensive process (Klinger, 2009). Dispute review board (DRB) is build before starting of construction. Mostly, it is composed by three construction professionals who have abundant experience. It is highly effective and could reduce the cost of dispute resolution. Over 70% people thought DRB is better than arbitration about resolution result (Harmon, 2003-2004). The conflict resolution in England and Wales has some methods. It is divided into two parts: non-binding and binding. In non-binding, there are conciliation, executive tribunal and mediation. In binding, there are adjudication, arbitration, expert determination, litigation and so on (Davies, 1998). Discussion Conflict is a kind of phenomenon which exists in everywhere commonly in the society. Every person has their own ideas, standpoint and interest, it is impossible to unify all ideas of all people. Therefore, the existing of conflicts is automatic consequence. Especially in civil engineering construction industry, there are so many people, roles and tasks, complicated relationship and interested parties. The conflict usually occurs between client or designer and contractor, contractor and subcontractors, contractor and workers or worker and worker. Any relationship is very important and could become the key point to influence the whole project. Good conflict resolution could bring high efficiency and more profit. Bad conflict resolution hinders the smooth process of construction project. The reasons of causing conflict are very various and complicated. These could be summarized into four types: time, money, task allocation and contingency. Time means that the project could not be completed on time. In consequence of the changes of design, unreasonable plan in construction stage, works programme are delayed. The kind of conflict often occurs between client or designer and contactor. The conflict is caused by money includes contractor does not gain money from client, contractor refuses to pay wages to workers, poor financial budget, material price fluctuation. Task allocation reason means that the project plan is poor, the assignment allocation is ambiguous, task allocation is unfair, harsh work environment and so on. Contingency is an uncertain element but exists generally and inevitable. It could be occurred in every aspect. Contingency usually can not be dealt with in time because of indeterminacy. Conflict likes a barrier for construction industry. Conflict resolution becomes more and more important. Domination and suppression are unacceptable methods. These methods could cause more serious conflicts. Four steps method could be used to resolve problems about conflicts when people manage a construction project. First step is to prevent. Prevention could resolve conflict before occurring. Good conflict prevention needs excellent managers who have enough abilities to make project time and cost plan sensibly, manage all kinds of relationships well and arrange tasks reasonably. Everyone take his due responsibility and obligation. It is the best way of resolving conflict to minimize the probability of causing conflicts. Second step is to establish a group which includes some experts who have extensive experience. These experts could make use of their experience to resolve a lot of contingencies as soon as possible and avoid the conflicts are deteriorated by their experience. Not only that, they also can give some good advice to resolve conflicts in other steps. Third step is to negotiate. Negotiation is an effective and economical method to resolve conflict. Conflict is the problem of two or more parties rather than only one party. So it is important to have good communication and good relationship between every party. Negotiation is a good way to communicate with every party. People could get the main reason of causing conflict and discuss the best way which every party can accept to resolve conflicts. Conflict could be resolved as soon as possible and avoid be deteriorated. Mediation is another way to negotiate between parties. It needs a mediator who selected by every party to help them to resolve conflicts. Negotiation could resolve conflict without breaking relationships. It is a double win method to resolve conflict between parties. Fourth step is arbitration or litigation. These are the resolution process in court. The differences are litigation needs discovery or jury and allows appealing. The process of arbitration or litigation is very long and takes a lot of money. It means that people spend long time and increase the cost of project but conflict is not always be resolved well. Do not use the step if conflict could be resolve by the first three steps. Conclusion Conflict is occurred between different people or interest parties. In civil engineering construction industry, client, contractor, subcontractor and worker are four main component parts. Conflict likes a barrier to baffle the entire project. It is important to deal with and resolve conflict. There are four main reasons of causing conflict, time, money, task allocation and contingency. Good managers and reasonable approaches are necessary for conflict resolution. Prevention, expert group, negotiation and arbitration are four steps to resolve conflicts. These could assist to resolve conflict as soon as possible and minimize loss in civil engineering construction industry. Reference BREWER, G, 2007. Dispute avoidance. Contract Journal, 437(6611), 22. CREE, C A, 1992. Managing disputes. In: FENN, P and GAMESON, R (Eds). Construction conflict management and resolution. London: EFN SPON, 47-53. DAVIES, E et al (Eds), 1998. Dispute resolution and conflict management in construction. London: EFN SPON. DIETERLE, R A and RAMIREZ. A M, 2001. Using the project neutral process to resolve contentious disputes. AACE International Transactions, ABI/INFORM Global, CD51- CD56. FENN, P and GAMESON, R (Eds), 1992. Construction conflict management and resolution. London: EFN SPON. GOODMAN, A H, 2006. Resolving differences. Kitchen Bath Business, 53(7), 46-47. HARMON, K M J, 2003-2004. Construction conflicts and dispute review boards: Attitudes and opinions of construction industry members. Dispute Resolution Journal, 58(4), 66-75. HELLARD, R B, 1992. Construction conflict- management and resolution. In FENN, P and GAMESON, R (Eds). Construction conflict management and resolution. London: EFN SPON, 35-46. HUMPHREY, B, 2008. 10 steps toward resolving conflict on the jobsite. Concrete Contractor, 8(5), 78-79. JAMBRO, J D and SIDDIQI, K M, 2008, Conflict resolution and negotiation skills in undergraduate construction management curriculum, online, retrieved 19 October 2009, from http://ascpro0.ascweb.org/archives/cd/2008/paper/CEUE210002008.pdf. KLINGER, M, 2009. Confronting construction conflicts. EC M, 108(3), 14. KUTENK, 2000, Conflict management and resolution- developing successful conflicts- resolution strategies at home or at work. Bussiness management resources, online, retrieved 19 October 2009, from http://kutenk2000.blogspot.com/2008/12/conflict- management-and-resolution.html. LANGFORD, D A. et al, 1992. Contingency management of conflict: analysis of contract interfaces. In: FENN, P and GAMESON, R (Eds). Construction conflict management and resolution. London: EFN SPON, 64-71. LAVERS, A, 1992. Construction conflict: management and resolution analysis and solutions. In: FENN, P and GAMESON, R (Eds). Construction conflict management and resolution. London: EFN SPON, 3-20. MACKIE, K J, 1992. Alternative dispute resolution and construction disputes. In: FENN, P and GAMESON, R (Eds). Construction conflict management and resolution. London: EFN SPON, 302-305. RAHIM, M A, 1992. Managing conflict in organizations. In: FENN, P and GAMESON, R (Eds). Construction conflict management and resolution. London: EFN SPON, 369-377. ZIKMANN, R V, 1992. Successful conflict management. In: FENN, P and GAMESON, R (Eds). Construction conflict management and resolution. London: EFN SPON, 54-58.

Essay --

Aaron Lee Period 2 AP Literature and Composition Question 3 Essay â€Å"Remember; remember the Fifth of November the Gunpowder Treason and plot. I know of no reason why the Gunpowder Treason should ever be forgot.† This quote from the novel V for Vendetta is based a dystopian story based in London, and the author wants the readers to know that there is an issue that needs to be fixed or else it will end the world in turmoil. Yet another writer who successfully wrote a dystopian novel to warn humanity of is George Orwell, in his book 1984. Orwell warns his readers of the dangers of totalitarianism and that if we allow the government to interfere and take over our lives we will live in a dystopian; where people cannot think for themselves. The dystopian world that Orwell creates through imagery, irony and satire, warns that totalitarianism may soon exist in the United States. Orwell’s dystopian world in 1984 shows the possibility of a terrifying future of the real world if it succumbs to totalitarianism. 1984 was written during the Cold War, a time of major tension and crisis between two super powers, the United States and the Soviet Union, and the setting from 1984 displayed that the threat was real. The book was written to show that the government could take control of our lives and become like Big Brother; who always follows your every moves, controls every action, and brainwashes you that the Big Brother is good. George Orwell was warning against the actions the government was taking during the early Cold War Era. The imagery Orwell uses is clear when he describes Oceania under a totalitarian regime,† the elevator is broken and always has been, there aren’t any colors in the city, it is an unpleasant world to live ... ...people, further Orwell is warning us of this lie. Maybe Orwell wants us to be vigilant and possibly question our departments of our government? Further Orwell uses irony and satire in 1984 is â€Å"Nothing is your own except the few cubic centimetres inside your skull.† Here Orwell uses satire to emphasize and exaggerate that under a totalitarian government people own nothing and can’t do anything at their own will, no one can think for themselves because it’s a crime. Through 1984, Orwell warns his readers and audience of the possible totalitarianism that may evolve into the government like the dystopian world, Oceania. Through his use of imagery, irony, and satire, George Orwell successfully demonstrates his fear of a world under a totalitarian government and warns his readers through his rhetorical techniques that it may soon occur in the United States.

Intense Personal Memories and Reflections

Intense personal memories and reflections have always been an inspiration to poets. Explore this concept with regards to the poems that you have studied referring to three poems in detail and at least three poems from your wider reading. The theme of reflections is something frequently explored in literature. It is truly a powerful force. It can bestow courage, feelings of warmth, and even overwhelm you and this is exactly what the below six poets did by manipulating their personal and emotional reflections to generate an emotive impact on us by using a variety of literary devices to present to us a ‘window’ into their pasts.Alice Walker (Poem at Thirty-Nine), U. A. Fanthorpe (Half past Two) and D. H. Lawrence (Piano) have all portrayed powerful emotional memories and reflections in their poems. â€Å"Poem At Thirty-Nine† was concerning a woman who learnt everything from her father and desired to do the simple things he did during his life although she was very pr ivileged to acquire an education hence she could better herself in life. â€Å"Follower† by Seamus Heaney was a poem that related to the admiration of their parent. Half-Past Two† evaluated the predicament of a young boy in an after school punishment for â€Å"Something Very Wrong† but he was instructed to remain in the schoolroom until â€Å"half- past two† but he did not understand the concept of time. â€Å"My Parents Kept Me from Children Who Were Rough† by Stephen Spender evaluated a childhood problem similarly to â€Å"Half-Past Two† where in this case, the title is self-explanatory. Piano† was a well-defined example of the author of the poem ruminating on his past life, but in particular, music of his childhood making him return to certain events forcefully but he realised how much he has transformed and the memories made him crave to return to the past. â€Å"Once Upon A Time† by Gabriel Okara also was a poem where the ad ult wanted to return to the past but in this poem, it was not for a childhood memory but a quality that was expelled from his mind during adulthood. D. H.Lawrence’s â€Å"Piano† was written in quatrains with 3 stanzas. The structure of 3 stanzas divided the poem into 3 different parts which made it organised and stanzas created a clear space in time. Through the usage of stanzas, the emotional contrasts between his dwelling in his childhood memories and the aftermath are much more distinct and easier to apprehend. With the change from the second to the third stanza, the persona’s memories of delight were juxtaposed with reality settling in where Lawrence’s language now was in the present.The poet used several poetic devices but one that triumphs was his distinct word placement and perfectly placed words and syllables. This portrayed the intensity of emotion in the poem since he knew the exact phrases and words to maximise the effect of presenting emotions in a sophisticated manner. A perfect example of this would be where instead of just saying â€Å"going back† or â€Å"train of thought† he used â€Å"vista of years. † Another example of this specific word usage was when Lawrence used the phrase â€Å"Till I see† which communicated the message in a more powerful manner than â€Å"I remember. The poet chose a particular phrase because he wanted to communicate exact images and not leave a lot of room for assumption since just using â€Å"I remember† or â€Å"going back† could be a range of memories. He also used phrases such as â€Å"A child† to refer to himself and he referred to his mother as â€Å"A mother† which made the poem impersonal but it was an attempt to make him detached from the memories and as if he almost didn’t distinguish his past self, seeing that he has changed so much. Lawrence utilised a variety of poetic devices such as sibilance, onomatopoeia and w hat I think to be his most effective and successful, his selective diction.The poet has effectively established an enthralling atmosphere for the poem by using sibilance. He used sibilance not just for an atmosphere creation but to add a sinister and harsh tone to a line: â€Å"In spite of myself, the insidious mastery of song. † That was also another precisely chosen phrase. There were many examples of sibilance such as â€Å"Softly, in the dusk, a woman is singing to me;† and â€Å"†¦smiles as she sings,† where the â€Å"s† sounds similar to that of a whisper which portrayed. Now the intensity of his memory but now it’s beginning to emotionally hurt him.Also when the poet asserted â€Å"In spite of myself,† he was forced to reckon these moments, he referred to his masculinity. The â€Å"insidious mastery of song†¦ Betrays me back,† tricked him into the nostalgia of childhood, it forced him to â€Å"weep to belong,† since he didn’t want to revisit the past. He pulled himself out of recalling about the child he was with the phrase â€Å"In spite of myself† The poet used the words â€Å"Sunday† and â€Å"at home† which gave a sense of resting and peace but he used a contradictory metaphor, â€Å"winter outside† which meant the harsh world outside his safe home.As that stanza continued, you saw the theme of safety and comfort continues where he said â€Å"hymns in the cozy parlour. † The hymns show that the family was a God-fearing family and a parlour was where the best things in the house were and where guests usually were so that also shows a close knitted family and the sense of security between the family members. The poet also used onomatopoeia in â€Å"boom of the tingling strings† and â€Å"tinkling â€Å" since â€Å"boom† and â€Å"tinkling† described their own sound.Lawrence used a musical term in the final stanza â€Å"W ith the great black piano appassionato† which enhanced the impression on the reader. As the reader, â€Å"appassionato† was more impacting than loud since it was associated to music and it was more expressive. â€Å"Appassionato† added to the fact that to the character’s music didn’t matter anymore and that he’d rather be with his mother. The singer, his mother, was trying â€Å"in vain† which and continued where the mother singing was â€Å"clamour† so she comprehended that he was beginning to lose attention but her attempts to retrieve his focus we futile.He then used the pejorative term, â€Å"childish days† which tended to suggests immaturity but the â€Å"glamor† of those days makes him long for it. Also this extract â€Å"†¦ my manhood is cast/Down in the flood of remembrance†¦Ã¢â‚¬  shows that he wept like a child for the past therefore by his weeping; the gap between child and man, sentiment and masculinity, and past and present is abridged. Personally, I think anyone can relate to this poem because no matter who you are there’s that one moment in childhood everyone longs to return to and just like Lawrence, everyone sees it as a â€Å"glamor. â€Å"Once Upon A Time† by Gabriel Okara is related to â€Å"Piano† because within the poem, there was the desire to return to the past but in this poem, it was a conversation between a father and a son where the father was relating how actions of people were executed when he was young compared to the present and now the father (narrator) wished he could return to his original innocent state. Unlike â€Å"Piano,† â€Å"Once Upon A Time† was a free verse poem.The first three stanzas have the same general pattern where Okara starts by narrating the past and explaining how things used to be, but then he tells the negative reality, making the tone of the poem very sinister and bitter by using phrases s uch as â€Å"ice – block cold eyes† and â€Å"shake hands without hearts,† whereas in â€Å"Piano† there was a sinister undertone with the â€Å"insidious† sibilance. The mood of this poem for the majority of it was seriousness but at the ending, the mood changes to regret and you see how heartfelt the father’s desire to become like what he used to be. So show me, son, how to laugh; show me how†¦ I used to laugh and smile†¦ once upon a time when I was like you. † The repetition in that extract emphasised the genuineness of his regret. A simile that Okara used to express his regret was â€Å"†¦my teeth like a snake’s bare fangs! † which shows who remorseful he feels by using a poisonous snake to represent his teeth. So we see that just as how Lawrence wants to return to his childhood for the memories, Okara wants to learn from his past by letting his son teach him how to show his true feelings again. Poem at Thirty-Nine† by Alice Walker differs from Piano and Half-Past Two because it is a free verse poem. In free verse poems, you tend to get the memories that was most impacted on you so the reflection becomes more fascinating. Although this poem was written in free verse, there was still a distinct separation between the two sections of the poem. That was presented in the repetition of the phrase â€Å"How I miss my father† where the first time, it seemed like she was sighing of deliberation and remorse.This remorse can also be linked in with the phrase â€Å"though many of my truths must have grieved him before the end. † She now recognised that what she disclosed might have upset him but the second time was with an exclamation mark, instead of a sigh, it appeared to be more like a wail. At this point she recalled and missed her father and the fun things about him. Finally there was the stanza that concludes poem which told us that she has become the woman that her father wanted her to be.Walker used simple language that was never overstated or simulated in any way so without the use of the extravagant words; you can clearly perceive that this poem is coming from her heart. She used simple, short phrases and sentences such as â€Å"Writing slips and deposit checks† or â€Å"cooking, writing, chopping wood† which also gives you an impression of Walker attempting to communicate with the reader and not narrating a story. This is a significant contrast from the poem â€Å"Piano† because in piano, the entire poem was based on the perfect layout of words and syllables using complex vocabulary.This poem consisted of various literary devices such as similes, metaphors and the dominating symbolism. One simile used in the poem was â€Å"He cooked like a person dancing† which contrasts with the proceeding line â€Å"in a yoga meditation† but nonetheless the dancing showed that the father enjoyed cooking but he seems co ncentrated and contented with his actions. An example of a metaphor in the poem was â€Å"my brain light† which was an usual combination of words but the light can be ascertained to either be free from care, worry or stress and even meditation.Then, there was the many examples of symbolism but I think the most obvious would be â€Å"†¦tossing this and that into the pot; seasoning none of my life the same way twice;† this can be understood where she was carefree and she has a lack of concern and attention to details. The â€Å"seasoning† would be a symbol of her daily activities. Another symbolic phrase would be â€Å"cooking, writing, chopping wood, staring into the fire. † To me, I see those actions as symbols of independence where she was able to survive without relying on her parents. Chopping wood† shows that she’s not afraid of the gender boundary of the society then since women were looked down upon and they had little to no rights and it was the same for Black-Americans and Alice Walker had the privilege of being from both groups. She later became a racial and women’s activist. You could say that she is a modern woman, being able to be independent and fight for her beliefs. Any father â€Å"would have grown to admire† the woman she had become especially hers who had been a freed slave. â€Å"Follower† by Seamus Heaney was written in quatrains each of the six stanzas has four lines thus being a structured poem.This poem relates to â€Å"Poem at Thirty-Nine† because it focuses on admiration just like in â€Å"Poem at Thirty-Nine† The poem has multiple splits where particular stanzas focus on different people. Stanza one to three focuses on the expertise in the farm by his father. Evidence where this is clearly seen is â€Å"The horse strained at his clicking tongue† where you notice that with an effortless human noise and he controls the animals on the farm. A more obv ious example was just the two word sentence â€Å"An Expert† which just states that he was excellent at what he did.Then stanzas four to six, Heaney talked about himself being a nuisance on the farm and what made this apparent was that Heaney begins to use the pronoun â€Å"I. † â€Å"I stumbled†¦ / I was a nuisance, tripping, falling† where Heaney admits that he was, in fact, a nuisance, but there was a twist at the end of the poem where â€Å"But today†¦ It is my father who keeps stumbling†¦ Behind me, and will not go away. † And this was the ultimate theme of the poem – the relationship of the father and the son and how the role of being a farmer is reversed when you age.The mood of this poem was actually not one of bitterness but love between the father and son although that word was never mentioned in the poem. There were similes, metaphors, oxymoron and onomatopoeia used in this poem. â€Å"His shoulders globed like a full sai l strung† This simile stressed how Heaney admired his father’s strength. â€Å"The sweating team turned round† This was a metaphor for the father controlling his son’s future. One of the oxymoron examples were: â€Å"Polished sod† which highlights that you cannot have smooth mud, so Heaney cannot follow.Onomatopoeia: â€Å"Dipping and rising to his plod† accentuated Heaney as a young boy following his father, and also his father’s farming, the movement of the horse-plough. Reading this poem, people can relate to this poem because in everyone’s life, you eventually move up in life from the nuisance to the one who actually does the work and the same people who thought you we’re the nuisance to them, you now think they hinder you. â€Å"Half-Past Two† by U. A. Fanthorpe is a structured poem where each stanza has three lines each.The poem follows a chronological order where it began him in a classroom in his after scho ol punishment and it follows the events like a time lapse until the teacher dismissed him but then you notice that the poem ends on a philosophical note. In the first stanza, we saw evidence of there being a contrast in age in the lines being spoken by a narrator in third person and in brackets, the narrator in first person narrative. We saw evidence of this throughout the poem. For example, â€Å"He did Something Very Wrong†¦ (I forget what it was)† Everything spoken by the first person narrator was written in brackets but when he was relating the past events he writes freely. When Fanthorpe was reflecting upon his younger childhood; he could not tell the time so time existed for him in personal interactions and it was important times such as â€Å"Gettinguptime, Timeyouwereofftime, Timetogohometime, TVtime†¦ † and the concept of the â€Å"half – past two† was not understood by him. This poem, just like all the other poems, has a great amount o f literary devices such as personification, repetition and oxymoron. One example of personification was where he attempted to comprehend the concept of time as a child and the personified the clock â€Å"†¦ he little eyes, the long legs for walking,† but still he could not â€Å"click its language† which meant no matter how hard he tried to figure out the clock and how it works, all his attempts were unsuccessful. In stanza seven, he is in a moment of isolation – â€Å"Out of reach from all timefors† and away from the impact of time – â€Å"He’d escaped time for ever† which is comprehended as his escape from the world of time and in a fairy tale world where time has no existence. The poem from this point begins to slow down and becomes hypnotic where he was realising the routine of his life and how monotonous it was.It was as if he was falling into a trance of his regular daily life and this hypnotic stanza was achieved by the re petition of â€Å"Into† and we also see oxymoron where Fanthorpe says â€Å"†¦silent noise his hangnail made. † Then we see where he snaps out of the trance, it was as if he was slotted back into time where he was back into â€Å"teatime, Nexttime etc. † When the teacher said â€Å"I forgot all about you,† the incident the child saw as being â€Å"Something Very Wrong† and â€Å"wicked† as of little importance to the teacher. These â€Å"time† words increase the tempo of the poem like if it was back into the fast lane of life.The language of the poem now becomes more adult so it could possibly be when Fanthorpe has just got himself out of his reflections and back to present. Fanthorpe uses phrases such as â€Å"Clockless land forever† which refers back to a fairy tale where time does not exist and he not knowing time, allowed him just to live without fear of time being over. He also uses the word â€Å"Forever† whic h links back to â€Å"into ever,† a place where time was infinite and does not exist or cannot be measured. The poem ends from instead of being just a reflection; Fanthorpe personified ime â€Å"time hides tick-less waiting to be born† which can be comprehended as waiting for tome to be discovered as a concept which controls our life. This poem made me and I can assure anyone who is reading â€Å"Half-Past Two† they will realise, just like how I have, the extent of how these time periods control our life and without it, the world will either go into complete peace since it will be peaceful and there will be no need to rush or it would be a catastrophe where to world goes into uproar since people depend and base their lives on this concept of time. My Parents Who Kept Me from Children Who Were Rough† by Stephen Spender was a poem about a child who was protected from the outside world by his parents and the bullying children who roamed the streets. Spender's poem was divided into three verses of equal length, though the verse division seems more of a visual device than anything else. The lines are roughly the same length and have an irregular rhythm. It was similar to the poem â€Å"Half-Past Two† since it also involved a childhood predicament but in this poem, the parents assisted the child to avoid any severe danger to their son.Spender uses the pronoun â€Å"I† which makes the poem personal and you clearly see that Spender was reflecting on his own personal encounters. The poetic devices that I observed in this poem were alliteration, similes and enjambment on the first line of the poem. Alliteration was seen in â€Å"climbing cliffs† and the simile was seen â€Å"like dogs to bark at our world† which can be understood as people who attacked other peoples’ lives. In those poems, each and every one, reflections are a major part to the poets influence for the masterpieces of work. Poem at Thirty-Nine † and â€Å"Follower† we saw pure admiration and love pour out of those poems, even though some might be hampered in the sadness and remorse, the sensation of awe to the poets’ parents was still present. Piano’ shows its power to overwhelm a fully grown man and drive him to the point of tears. â€Å"Half-Past Two† was one of those amazing poems where if you begin to imagine what would it be like and your imagination just runs wild. Once Upon A Time† is another fantastic and usual piece of poetry where instead of having a child admire a father; Okara did the opposite and have the parent running to the child for wisdom which is a notable ironic twist that was very uncommon. â€Å"My Parents Kept Me from Children Who Were Rough† is one of those stories where there is just nonstop bullying and you think the person being bullied would never recover, in this poem we actually see the poet forgive his enemies which now makes me admire him for t hat bold move although the street children never paid any attention to him.Personally I believe in the power of memory. Through recollecting the past and reflecting upon it, I see what I can do to improve myself and be a better person. With it you can become happy but yet be pained by it and I have my regrets but those memories hurt, keep me awake at night and cause fits of depression. It is a normal part of life. Live with it, do not seek to dwell in the past and create more memories worth remembering.

Defining And Understanding Gender Mainstreaming Social Work Essay Example

Defining And Understanding Gender Mainstreaming Social Work Essay Example Defining And Understanding Gender Mainstreaming Social Work Essay Defining And Understanding Gender Mainstreaming Social Work Essay In order to work out the issue of gender favoritism at workplace, gender mainstreaming would be a solution to restrict gender inequality. Gender mainstreaming was recognized as an international attack that seeks to accomplish gender equality and tantamount rights for both work forces and adult females in the Platform for Action adopted at the Fourth World Conference on Women ( Hannan 2003, pp. three ) . Gender mainstreaming is classified by the 52nd Session of The Economic and Social Council ( ECOSOC ) of the United Nations in 1997 as, Mainstreaming a gender position is the procedure of measuring the deductions for adult females and work forces of any planned action, including statute law, policies or programmes, in any country and at all degrees. It is a scheme for doing the concerns and experiences of adult females every bit good as of work forces an built-in portion of the design, execution, monitoring and rating of policies and programmes in all political, economic and social domains, so that adult females and work forces benefit every bit, and inequality is non perpetuated. The ultimate end of mainstreaming is to accomplish gender equality ( International Labor Organization 2002 ) . Why Gender Mainstreaming? Gender mainstreaming composes the societal job of gender inequality obvious and clear for the community. Additionally, it improves the footing of all organisation s undertakings and processs and besides teaches the organisation s staff about the assorted effects of adult females and work forces s part. Furthermore, gender mainstreaming improves transparence and strategic determination devising within the organisation, every bit good as doing full use of human resources by acknowledging work forces and adult females s capablenesss and chances. In a practical mean, gender mainstreaming will carry any organisation s staff to get down on measuring their organisation and its activities on the footing of gender attack. Therefore, makes the organisation recognize the spreads between work forces and adult females and the beginning of favoritism and its attacks. Furthermore, by finding the job, it would be easier to take the initial of import actions to better the state of affairs and accompl ish gender equality ends by being involved in the consultancy process and policy devising. These actions require puting up a new development program and modifying the organisation s precedences to set them into action. To accomplish gender equality ends, it can non be done single every bit much as it needs the whole organisation s squad cooperation and coordination ( UNDP 2004, pp. 19-20 ) . Gender mainstreaming enhances the organisation s qualities by concentrating on equal rights policies and apportioning equal chances to both work forces and adult females. Furthermore, it would besides assist to apportion fiscal and human resources to fix and implement the policy. In add-on, it would breed more consciousness and cognition on the liberty and equity between work forces and adult females with the handiness of gender expertness. It will besides place the duties and accountability for gender mainstreaming and gender policy ( Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Foreign Information and Communication 2002, pp. 3 ) . Importance of Gender Mainstreaming: There are several grounds of why our society needs gender mainstreaming for its magnitude on the organisational and social degree. Gives people the chance to acquire involved in the policy devising. Gender equality and mainstreaming high spots the demands to measure policies harmonizing to their influence on persons and societal state of affairs, along with their demands. It besides contributes to present among public sentiments, a learning patterned advance of giving more attending of the policies impact people s life. It is a measure frontward to a more human attack of development and modern democratic societies. By taking gender equality, policies will be made upon the existent demands of work forces and adult females. Gender mainstreaming leads to a better authorities. In order to hold a better authorities, so there should be a good formation of policies. Consequently, it will confront all obstructions to inequality and lead to a superior transparence in the policy procedure. Prosecute work forces and adult females to hold full entree to human resources. It is good known that the society depends on human resources and work forces and adult females s experience every bit good. Therefore, gender mainstreaming adds both work forces and adult females s experience and acknowledges their duty to extinguish inequality within the society. Additionally, it might assist in cut downing any democratic shortages. Brands gender equality issues noticeable for the society. Gender mainstreaming gives the chance to unclutter out the thought of the effects of political enterprises on work forces and adult females. Gender equality should be seeable for the society and be integrated into the mainstream of the society. Therefore, gender mainstreaming reveals how gender equality is of import societal affair with deduction for the society development. However, gender inequality can non be combated without full engagement and committedness of the political construction ( Council of Europe 1998, pp. 19-20 ) . Women represent half of the society ; hence, development should be based on the part of both work forces and adult females. Nonetheless, gender inequality straight and indirectly impact the impact of development schemes, therefore, the overall accomplishment of the development jails. The authorization and sovereignty of adult females and the betterment of their societal and political prominence is of import for accomplishing a transparent and accountable authorities, in add-on to sustainable development in assorted life countries. Therefore, accomplishing equality ends to affect both work forces and adult females in the determination doing procedure will reflect a more accurate image of the society composing as there is a high demand to reenforce democracy and advance its appropriate operation ( OSAGI 2001 pp. 1 ) . Gender Mainstreaming in Organization s: Even though gender mainstreaming is an International scheme to advance gender equality, there is still a long manner before gender perceptual experiences are systematically incorporated in all development Fieldss. Specific cognition and capacity is required to convey the worlds of both work forces and adult females every bit good as their part, positions and needs to set up with accurate informations aggregation and analysis, ordinance development, execution and monitoring in all Fieldss of development ( Hannan 2003, pp. 14-15 ) . Governmental or non-governmental organisations policies on gender equality are non effectual or implemented decently due to the traditional domination of work forces s function over adult females s within the organisation. Therefore, taking to low figure of females, deficiency of rural adult females s demands undertakings, low allotment of budget related to adult females activities, and imbalances determination devising. Organizational alteration attempts include developing between genders, gender mainstreaming and organisational development. The most cardinal constituents to accomplish advancement on commiting gender equality duties are to concentrate on senior directors. The direction function is still a pre-requisite to guarantee the handiness of equal resources to work on turn toing the gender issues and for the organisational systems and patterns to necessitate answerability to gender equality policies ( WOCAN 2006, pp. 1-2 ) . For the organisation to react to the gender quality affair, it should place the factors that create and increase gender prejudices within its ambiance such as the vision and aims, construction and policy, patterns, plans and services, beliefs and attitudes every bit good as the patterns of the staff members. However, the organisation should follow some step to eliminate the causes of gender equity throughout some alterations in the vision and aims, reforming the policies, organisational restructuring, behavior gender consciousness seminars, and better physical capablenesss to heighten safety and security ( Sobritchea 2008, pp. 2-3 ) . A gender antiphonal organisation should guarantee plans and programs are being guided by the gender equality rules by taking affirmatory actions when necessary to restrict the spread between male and adult females refering the entree of benefits. In add-on, practising gender equality in determination devising and chances ( Sobritchea 2008, pp. 6 ) . However, the organisation should extinguish any prejudices in the hiring, firing and publicity of male and female staff. Additionally, promote gender equality in educational and developing determination and take part in the determination devising every bit good as following non-sexist patterns and developing constructions and forces services that address gender issues such as torment and coordination between work and household life ( Sobritchea 2008, pp. 7 ) . Troubles of Gender Mainstreaming: On of the constrains to gender equality jurisprudence is the deficiency of consciousness on national and International jurisprudence on equal chance of both adult females and work forces ( International Labor Organization 2003, pp. 83 ) . Most of the jobs can be endorsed by the misinterpretation of the bing processs, techniques and means or the deficiency of political finding. The followers are some troubles that might attach to gender mainstreaming: UÂ ­ Misconstruing the construct of gender mainstreaming. UÂ ­ Need for a wider construct of equality. UÂ ­ Existing attacks to policy devising and the demand of mainstreaming for procedural alterations. UÂ ­ Lack of equal tools and techniques. UÂ ­ Lack of equal cognition about gender equality issues. UÂ ­ Danger of speaking about gender mainstreaming without executions ( Council of Europe 1998, pp. 17-18 ) . Procedures to Address Gender Mainstreaming Problems: Organizational development in footings of exemplifying undertakings and responsibilities, create answerability methods, developing guidelines, using gender specializers and allowing competency development for all work forces and human resources is required and indispensable to back up gender mainstreaming. Full duty to implement mainstreaming schemes should be based on the highest degree within the authoritiess and organisations. Management degrees should be responsible for seting mainstreaming mechanisms to supervise the advancement with mainstreaming. The manner to vouch mainstreaming is to apportion clear indexs on the advancement that can be monitored over clip by the direction ( Hannan 2003, pp. 16 ) . To turn to the job of gender mainstreaming, incorporating genders issues with policies and programmes so that the civil society and the community expeditiously respond to important demands of adult females. The gender mainstreaming constituents are: Establishing committedness and ability by making and beef uping gender cardinal points in local and state development composing thought protagonism with senior determination shapers. Influence policies to be more antiphonal to gender issue by recommending gender legal reforms, organize policy forums and reenforcing adult females s forum. Increase adult females s engagement in the national and local degree by supplying leading preparation to go function theoretical accounts in their societies. Bettering the capacity for gender monitoring and rating by spread outing the information more efficaciously in protagonism. Raise public consciousness by set uping gender focal points in the construction of local and national development ( Hannan 2003, pp. 10 ) . Clear definition of equal chances policy and on adult females and development within the organisation. Organizations executives and seniors should give attending on the issue of equal chances. Organizations employees should lend to gender equity based on their policy field. Gender experts should take a sufficient portion in the policy determination doing process. Allocate adequate money and human resource for the policy devising and operation. Appraisal and comptroller of policy at a specific phase. ( Ministry of Foreign Affairs, foreign Information and Communication, the Netherlands 2002, pp. 2 ) .