Usage of Propaganda in Totalitarian Governments versus...

Propaganda is everywhere any human looks. It is the base of almost every government. But, seeing as how other governments are worse than the American government, it’s worse in other areas of the world. The role of propaganda in a totalitarian government is very important, especially when compared to a democratic type of government, mostly because democracies don’t usually want to control every aspect of life. Information or ideas that are spread by an organized group or government to influence peoples opinions, especially by not giving all the facts or by secretly emphasizing only one way of looking at the facts is what propaganda is (â€Å"Cambridge Dictionaries†). So basically, it’s the government making people believe in what they want†¦show more content†¦14). The Nazis hid their people from the truth. Hitler told his men to just not tell the German people the truth at all. He just wanted them to know what they needed to know and leave out all of the rest. Democratic countries, however, are completely opposite. Democratic countries must present at least some of the truth in their propaganda. Any free person will eventually discover the truth, so democratic countries don’t really think too much of their propaganda. When propaganda has been uncovered, and the people discover that it is distorted or full of lies, it becomes ineffective (â€Å"Democratic vs. Enemy Propaganda† para. 5). The people completely understood democracy. The people used to act together, almost as if they were like an assembly line. The people used to be in charge of the legitimate authority, and political power. Nowadays, the only thing the people control is limited. They have the right to pick and choose who is of the political authority. Then, that political authority is given to by a person who the people who have elected to lead their country (â€Å"Democracy† para.1). However, people have the right to know all of the truth of any situation, so democratic propaganda has to abide by that rule, no matter how ugly the truth may be. The truth is not only in the rules of democracy, but is also a slap of reality for a policy that isShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesportion of humanity in ways that would have been unthinkable a century ago. Jean Quataert’s contribution to gender shifts in the twentieth century focuses more narrowly on the variable fortunes of human rights causes in an era marred by phases of totalitarian oppression and genocidal excesses that were far more severe and widely distributed throughout societies across the globe than at any other time in human history. She traces the ways in which humanitarian impulses—which were often linked to pacifist

Comparison of Unilever and PG Marketing Strategies

Unilever has experienced quite a rollercoaster of marketing success and failure over the last 5 years. Originally its new 5-year strategic plan entitled ‘Path to Growth had special promise and forecast for success. The primary objective of this plan was to cull Unilevers ‘tail brands and place extra emphasis on those which were market leaders. Niail Fitzgerald believes that too many brands often confuse the customer and thus lead to poor purchasing decisions. The paradox of choice between Unilevers products had to be addressed. This meant a dramatic reduction of over 1200 smaller brand names, the closure of 138 production facilities and the loss of 51,800 jobs. The key financial targets of this plan were to improve sales growth of the†¦show more content†¦Unilever hasnt really innovated at all. It may have introduced brand extensions for household names like Dove which used to only be soap, but they failed to proportion the advertising backing that these brands neede d and innovate further. Magdalene Miller states that despite having a decent range of brands, they fail to produce products that the consumer really needs or desires. Now investors in Unilever are worried about the decline of sales growth and poor advertising affecting the companys profitability and future reputation. The company also seems to have a lack of market awareness and fails to identify key trends. The Atkins diet had a devastating impact on the performance of its Slim-fast product lines, yet this could have been avoided if thorough research into the market conditions had been undertaken. The company is also taking a lot of heat from its closest rivals. Both PG and Reckitt Benckiser have experience formidable sales growth over the last few years and their organisational restructuring has proven to be of great success. The pressure is clearly on and Unilever has had to adopt a new strategy. Unilever has recently had a shake-up and its 5-year ‘Path to Growth plan has now been axed. Now Unilever will focus on more prominent corporate advertising and brand association with a newShow MoreRelatedComparison Of Unilever And PG Marketing Strategies Essay1607 Words   |  7 PagesUnilever has experienced quite a rollercoaster of marketing success and failure over the last 5 years. Originally its new 5-year strategic plan entitled Path to Growth had special promise and forecast for success. The primary objective of this plan was to cull Unilevers tail brands and place extra emphasis on those which were market leaders. Niail Fitzgerald believes that too many brands often confuse the customer and thus lead to poor purchasing decisions. The paradox of choice between UnileversRead MoreUnilever Marketing Essay1507 Words   |  7 PagesA theme Unilever expounds on is a â€Å"Brand Love Key.† They are differentiating themselves from competitors like P G by focusing on conn ection between the individual and the brand. In regards to marketing, it is a vital technique that corporations need to adhere to since it is crucial to gain consumer recognition. The method Unilever utilized was rooted in immersions, where â€Å"marketers learned how to use empathy, to be touched by people they visited, and understand how their lives were motivated byRead MoreTaking a Look at Procter Analysis1005 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Procter and Gamble (P G) is one of the renowned and well-known firms in the world and specifically America and it was originated in 1837.This firm was founded by William Procter and James Gamble. In the beginning, they used to manufacture only soap and candles but as the time passed their growth in business was the remarkable effort. Procter and Gamble has become one of the biggest consumer goods company in the world. Their products are sold in over 180 countries, which include severalRead MoreUnilever Project10819 Words   |  44 PagesContents Section 1 Introduction 3 1.1 Introduction to the topic 3 1.2 Introduction to UNILEVER 4 1.3 Project objectives 5 1.4 Research Questions 5 1.5 Research approach 6 Section 2 Information Gathering 7 2.1 Sources used and reasons 7 2.2 Description of method used to collect information 8 2.3 Limitation of gathering information 9 2.4 Ethical Issues 9 2.5 Ratio Analysis 10 2.5(a) Limitation of ratio analysis 11 2.6 SWOT analysis 13 2.6(a) Limitations of SWOT analysisRead MoreSwot Analysis Of Procter Gamble1181 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Procter Gamble started as a small soap and candle company in 1937. Since then, Procter Gamble (PG) has grown to be a global leader in the manufacturing and selling of household products. Over the years, PG has been instrumental in the innovation of common corporate practices, such as employee profit-sharing programs, market research, and brand-management systems. The multinational corporation sells its products (at least 250 household products) through a well-structured systemRead MoreMarketing Planning for Surf Excel in Pakistan3791 Words   |  16 PagesAcknowledgment Table of Contents 1. Synopsis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 2. Mission Statement †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦............†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5 3. Current Marketing Situation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 o Market Description..........................................................................6 o Product Review†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦11 o Review of Competition†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12 o Review of Distribution.....................................................................14 o Market Potential†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MorePG Swot Analysis10435 Words   |  42 Pagesaids, including cosmetics, fragrances and over the counter medications; and diapers and feminine hygiene products. Other items range from cat litter to automotive additives. The top worldwide producers include Procter and Gamble, Kimberly Clark, Unilever, Colgate-Palmolive, Church and Dwight, Clorox, and Ecolab. Industry Trends and How It Operates Given the low growth rates of population and household formations in the developed nations, it has become more difficult for consumer productRead MoreMarketing Planning for Surf Excel in Pakistan3781 Words   |  16 PagesAcknowledgment Table of Contents 1. Synopsis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 2. Mission Statement †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦............†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5 3. Current Marketing Situation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 o Market Description..........................................................................6 o Product Review†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦11 o Review of Competition†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12 o Review of Distribution.....................................................................14 o Market Potential†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreStrategic Management Practice and Theory of Uniliver Bangladesh Ltd.6578 Words   |  27 Pageskind of full consideration. Thanking You Executive Summary Unilever Bangladesh Ltd is one of the world’s most successful fast moving consumer goods manufacturing companies with local manufacturing facilities, reporting to regional business groups for innovation and business results. This report was formulated based on a strategic management practice of Unilever Bangladesh that helps the company to run their business more appropriately. By this strategic managementRead MoreForethought Behind Procter Gamble s Organization1441 Words   |  6 Pagesstatement specifies the present direction a firm is going, while a vision statement advocates the future course in mind. PG defines their mission and vision statement with a statement of purpose to reflect upon building products that provide a benefit, and grant prosperity for all. Almost two decades the company has progressively grown; whereas, recently, the company has developed a strategy to alleviate inefficiencies within its organizational structure, which makes them more convoluted compared to its

Conflict Resolution Of The Workplace - 1585 Words

Conflict Resolution Although many of us go great lengths to avoid it, sometimes it is just inevitable. People in the workplace setting will always have different ideas, values, and attitudes than others around them. A conflict can arouse in any given setting, and the affect it can have on those involved can either be negative or positive. Depending on the approach and strategies utilized during and after a conflict will determine the result of the conflict. Conflict helps people recognize legitimate differences within an organization or profession and serves as a powerful motivator to improve performance and effectiveness, as well as satisfaction (CCN, 2017). This paper will identify and explore a particular recurring conflict in the†¦show more content†¦The result of this was detrimental to the patient. Once the nurse from my unit went in to assess the patient she observed that the patient had a severely infiltrated IV, leaving her arm swollen beyond belief. Her vitals als o revealed that she was hypotensive, febrile and in respiratory distress unstable and rapidly becoming septic. Thankfully interventions were taken just in time and the patient ended up being transferred to the ICU where she received the care needed to save her life. Just imagine what the outcome could have potentially been for this patient. Clearly this patient’s life was put at risk due to others carelessness and inability to follow rules and guidelines. Talk about conflict! The incident as described above caused a huge conflict between the emergency department and my unit. The charge nurse on our unit called the ED charge nurse in an outrage and they got into a verbal altercation over the phone, incident reports were written against the emergency department as well. It is important to recognize personal feelings because hostile behavior can be a response to conflict. You would expect that after this occurred, this type of conflict would not happen again. It was only a matter of time before it did. So, you ask is delegation a result of the conflict being discussed. It is very likely that the nurse in charge of that patient isShow MoreRelatedConflict resolution in the workplace800 Words   |  4 PagesConflict resolution in the workplace Introduction Conflict is a fact in any relationship including the work area. Still, it is important to emphasize that some conflicts should not be seen as good or bad, they are just differences. Many times when there are disagreements between players these issues are left on the table without giving much emphasis. Unfortunately some of these conflicts have reached a level that ends in a physical altercation. When things get out of proportion, the sports psychologistRead MoreConflict Resolution at the Workplace1597 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Workplace Conflict Resolution If you search the word conflict in the dictionary, you are likely to find plenty of negative connotations. Many explain conflict as: coming to collision or a disagreement; clash; contention; controversy; fighting or quarreling, states Random House (1975). As these definitions are negative in nature, most people tend to withdraw when they enter an arena with conflict. Business Environment Conflict If you can recognize and understand exactly what creates conflictRead MoreConflict Resolution Of The Workplace2822 Words   |  12 PagesConflict in the Workplace Kara K. Martin University of South Dakota Abstract While an individual may attempt to avoid conflict in the workplace, there is no way to actually escape it. In the workplace environment, there are a variety of co-worker relationships and challenging work situations that may increase our emotional response. Therefore, it is important for employees to have the skills and abilities to recognize when conflict occurs, identify the type of conflict, and to implementRead MoreConflict Resolution Within The Workplace1224 Words   |  5 Pagesmethods to address conflict resolution within the workplace. The purpose of this paper is to discuss specific techniques and tools to resolve conflict within the workplace. A description of a workplace conflict at my current place of employment will be provided. The impact that cultural norms may have on conflict will be briefly considered. Additionally, the impact that conflict has on leadership’s decision making will be addressed. In discussing resolution of this particular conflict, specifi c techniquesRead MoreConflict Resolution And Resolving Workplace Conflicts1304 Words   |  6 Pages Conflict Resolution Conflicts are inevitable. It is necessary for the advanced practice nurse to have skills in approaching conflicts, negotiations, and resolutions (Hamric, Hanson, Tracy, Grady, 2014). According to Hamric et al. (2014), you do not have to feel pressured to instantly agree with other teammates; however, be respectful and listen intently and identify what you are able to offer to the team. Conflicts occur because of the different points of view. They can also happen becauseRead MoreThe Conflict Resolution : The Workplace Rights Against Conflict And Harassment At Workplace Essay941 Words   |  4 Pagestogether. The conflict resolution procedure has been made, as a foundation to ensure that the work environment will stays positive which is under the workplace rights against conflict and harassment at workplace, in the workplace policy have to include informal and formal conflict resolution which to divide small issues at workplace which can be deal within a short time or small action and with the bigger issues at workplace that can be take to the legal team to solve the conflict that will meetRead MoreEssay on Conflict Resolution In The Workplace939 Words   |  4 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Over the past year’s Mr. Diamond we have had problems with disagreements and conflicts between our employees. I believe it is imperative that we work at helpful solutions a nd attempt to stop the conflicts, and limit them as much as possible. I will now present to you my proposal on what the conflicts are, and a solution to them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First and foremost we must look at the reasons for the conflict. The goals between the individual and groups of individuals are at times not attainable. WeRead MoreEssay about Conflict Resolution In The Workplace2485 Words   |  10 PagesLook up the word conflict in the dictionary and you will see several negative responses. Descriptions such as: to come into collision or disagreement; be at variance or in opposition; clash; to contend; do battle; controversy; quarrel; antagonism or opposition between interests or principles Random House (1975). With the negative reputation associated with this word, no wonder people tend to shy away when they start to enter into the area of conflict. D. Jordan (1996) suggests that there are twoRead MoreWorkplace Conflict Resolution – a Case Study852 Words   |  4 PagesWorkplace Conflict Resolution – A Case Study Posted on October 13, 2009 Leaders frequently face situations where conflict arises in the workplace and they’re called upon to resolve the situation.   Although conflict is not generally regarded as a positive experience it actually can be a key opportunity to create change that will reduce friction in the workplace.   We can begin to defuse conflict by understanding what it is and implementing some practical strategies to manage it. Conflict is a naturalRead MoreWorkplace Conflict Resolution Pl Effective And Healthy Lifestyle902 Words   |  4 PagesWorkplace Conflict Resolution Plan Introduction: Conflict in the workplace is inevitable. Under normal circumstances, the conflict is due to different values, personality, opinions, and goals and needs human outbreak. Workplace seems to establish the value of differences and different points of view, which is what leads to specific conflicts. However, the conflict is not always a bad thing. This may lead to innovative solutions, people with similar views and opinions, it is not possible. The key

Jonathan Swift s A Modest Proposal - 1809 Words

Jonathan Swift’s A Modest Proposal is a satirical essay that sardonically uses an outrageous solution to the massive poverty in Ireland. He proposes this lengthy idea of eating children as the solution to the society’s problems. His serious yet hyperbolic and satirical style allows Swift an approach to get people engaged in the difficulties the Irish had to do to survive their everyday life. This essay explores Swift’s ability to use literary devices and how these techniques advance his idea about the lack of morale by asking: How and to what extent does Jonathan Swift use satire to highlight the heartless attitudes of society towards the poor Irish families in A Modest Proposal? The scope of the essay is limited to the work done by Jonathan Swift, A Modest Proposal, a literary criticism, an online literary glossary, as well as two more sources on Ireland’s historical events. The essay concludes that Swift effectively uses insincerity, irony, and rhetorical exaggeration to reveal his annoyance of politicians, papists, and overall citizens of poverty-stricken Ireland in the late seventeenth century. Jonathan Swift states that the people, politicians, and English were all to be at fault for the terrible state and poverty of Ireland, making it clear that the main target of the essay is not the condition of Ireland, but rather the can-do spirit of the times that led people to devise a number of illogical schemes that would purportedly solve social and economic problems. ForShow MoreRelatedJonathan Swift s A Modest Proposal996 Words   |  4 PagesJonathan Swift, 18th century writer and political activist, published â€Å"A Modest Proposal† in 1729 in the midst of turmoil in his home country of Ireland. Under British rule Irish citizens were left destitute and neglected, giving Swift the inspiration for â€Å"A Modest Proposal†. Jonathan Swift’s use of Aristotle s modes of persuasion and straight-faced satire broke Ireland s silence, calling out affluent members of British society and religious hierarchy alike, creating one of the most influentialRead MoreJonathan Swift s A Modest Proposal971 Words   |  4 PagesJonathan Swift is a well known writer who wrote Gulliver s Travels and many more lesser known works. A Modest Proposal by Jonathan Swift can be used to argue many things. The work itself is a pamphlet to that explains how one could go about the famine in Ireland. He suggests by his title that this will not be a over t he top or extreme suggestion instead being modest and understandable. The most notable part of his work however is the obscenity of it as he describes in detail what the benefitsRead MoreJonathan Swift s A Modest Proposal1008 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to Sparknotes, In the 1700’s, Ireland went through an economic depression as well as other problems in the country such as starvation, overpopulation and intolerable taxation by England. The families in Ireland could not afford to maintain their children therefore the children became a burden. Politicians did nothing to improve Ireland’s situation. These ongoing Problems in Ireland led Jonathan Swift to write,† A Modest Proposal.† In his essay, Swift uses satire to give rational but extremeRead MoreJonathan Swift s Modest Proposal1562 Words   |  7 PagesEmpire. Thesis: Jonathan Swift s Modest Proposal is the most effective in conveying its proposal against Imperialism as a universal theme. Directional Statement: Jonathan Swift s Modest Proposal successfully uses evidence to support its proposal and an effective style of writing. It also presents a clearly defined problem and solution compared to George Orwell s â€Å"Shooting an Elephant† and Thomas Jefferson s â€Å"Declaration of Independence†. Point 1: Swift s Modest Proposal effectively usesRead MoreAnalysis Of Jonathan Swift s A Modest Proposal956 Words   |  4 Pagesissue for the Irish and became a topic of satire ridicule for writers. Specifically, Jonathan Swift demonstrates mockery of this time in one of his written works, â€Å"A Modest Proposal.† The speaker proposes to shift the issues of over population and poverty to a business like mentality by paying woman to bare children and then after a year, gaining a profit by selling and eat their children. The speaker’s proposal to consume the children of Ireland demonstrates a satirical solution to the Irish’s economicRead MoreJonathan Swift s Modest Proposal850 Words   |  4 PagesJonathon Swift â€Å"Modest Proposal† is shocking satire that is supposed to bring to light the ill state of the Irish nation during the time period. Swift was making a point that the state that Ireland was in a major economic crisis and was overpopulated and was in a dire need of a solution, so he propose one. But even though this was written many years ago we can still draw inspiration form it today. The essay begins as a Proposal for a solution to the extreme poverty and over population of IrelandRead MoreJonathan Swift s A Modest Proposal1456 Words   |  6 PagesJonathan Swift was an Irish poet and satirist of the eighteenth century. Although the son of Englishmen, Swift was born and raised in Ireland. While living in Ireland, he witnessed the death of thousands of Irish due to starvation which was caused due to crop failure. Swift, who wasn’t even personally affected by the issue, acknowledged that the death of the Irish population which he argues was caused because of the neglect of English landowners. Instead of allowing for the issue to continue to beRead MoreJonathan Swift s A Modest Proposal1859 Words   |  8 Pagessuperiority (Holmes). The satirical literary device was at its peak during the Neoclassical Period in which the enlightenment writer, Jonathan Swift, was exceptional at this writing style (Jokinen). He excelled at rebuking Britain’s flaws an d pointed out the hypocrisy at the time by extensive ridicule of the conventual school of thought. Jonathan Swift’s, A Modest Proposal is an inspiration to many aspiring satirical authors, as he is admired as a rhetorical virtuoso that shed light on the profuse moralRead MoreAnalysis of Jonathan Swift ´s A Modest Proposal Essay532 Words   |  3 Pagesdone, the issue hasn’t been fazed a bit. From Jonathan Swift’s Modest Proposal, he clarifies the poverty issued throughout Ireland in the early 1700’s and how one suggestion could change it all. Elaborated from the Literary Reference Center, â€Å"A Modest Proposal, like Gulliver’s Travels, transcends the political, social, and economic crisis that gave birth to it, woeful as they were. Packed with irony and satirical revelations of the human condition†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Swift wasn’t just writing a masterpiece, but an intendedRead MoreCollectivism Vs. Individualism : The Unknown Citizen And Jona than Swift s A Modest Proposal1783 Words   |  8 Pagespolitically, with emphasis on the role a person takes in society, or philosophically- what makes a person think collectively or individually. Even though one might say that both theories are important, both W.H. Auden s The Unknown Citizen and Jonathan Swift s A Modest Proposal reflect criticisms of collectivism and promotes individualism. There are two main types of collectivism: â€Å"horizontal collectivism† and â€Å"vertical collectivism†. Collectivism has been characterized as horizontal collectivism

Structures and Maximizing Profits Free Essays

Market structures play an important role in the economy today. The strategic and profit maximizing concepts are determined by the type of market structure. â€Å"Market structure is best defined as the organizational and other characteristics of a market. We will write a custom essay sample on Structures and Maximizing Profits or any similar topic only for you Order Now † (Riley, 2006) Competitive markets, monopolies, and oligopolies three of the four market structures in the economy. A competitive market or perfect competitive market is a market that has many buyers and sellers that do not influence prices. An example of a competitive market would be the street vendors selling bottled water along the sidewalk of a tourist attracted city. There are likely to be many vendors and buyers alike. Most notably the influence of each vendors input on price is low. The opposite of a competitive market is a monopoly. Monopolies affect the economy with considerable control over supply and price. The definition of monopoly is when the single seller of a product controls its market and does not allow competition. Local telephone, cable, and water, which are a natural monopoly, are examples of monopolies. Each of the companies has complete control for the distribution of their products or services in regards to supply and prices. Oligopolies are types of imperfect competition in the market structure. An oligopoly is where only a few sellers offer similar or identical products. Consider watching a basketball game at any level of competition. The athletic wear, footwear, and accessories worn by players are more than likely Nike, Addidas, or Reebok. These companies sell products that are similar and are for the same purpose, yet they are not identical. This type of market structure is also known as monopolistic competition. Oligopolies have considerable control over some of the prices of the products they sell. The characteristic of each market structure are important to understand the role of each structure. The determination of price in terms of maximizing profits is best understood by following the rules of production in a given market. Profit maximizing for a company or firm is utilized by using the company’s profit maximizing output level. This is when the marginal cost is the same as the product price. When a company offers products in new locations the marginal cost of the products of the new locations is a part of the marginal cost. That would be an example of a company opting to profit maximizes their production ased on change of total cost to accomplish more profit. Another consideration of a profit maximizing rule is when marginal cost equals price. A company attempting to profit will manage this rule closely to determine profitability. The average total cost of a good is the deciding factor in profit maximizing where marginal cost equals price and marginal cost increases. Monopolist market companies maximize profits by following the rule marginal revenue equals marginal cost. Marginal revenue is the change in total revenue that results from a change in output. Companies that are the single producer of a product will want to maximize their total revenue. Costs of production are low therefore marginal revenue will equal cost. Competitive markets, monopolies, and oligopolies have profit maximizing rules that compare price to marginal revenue, marginal cost, and average total cost to determine profit gain. Each market consists of barriers of entry. One of the reasons for entry is the encouragement of successful gain of profits from other companies. Consider the local and national fast food hamburger restaurants. McDonalds began as one of the first restaurants of its type followed by chains such as Wendy’s and Burger King. That is an example of monopolist competition at its best. A discouragement or barrier for entry into certain market structures is through law and regulations. Creating anti-trust laws are detrimental to the formation of monopolies and their continued growth. There are three examples of business practices that present a dilemma for business entry. Resale price maintenance is the setting of a product price is contracted by the wholesaler for the retailer to sell at that given price. If the price is set from the wholesaler competition is suspended because of the price being uncontrolled by the retailer. The next business practice involves market power. A company that possesses market power has control of setting and changing prices without losing customers or altering the entire market. These companies are also referred to as price setters. â€Å"Firms with market power normally use that power to raise prices above the competition level. † (Mankiw) Predatory pricing is a debatable topic in terms of entry into a market and regulated policies. The third type of a business entry barrier is tying. Tying forces smaller businesses to strategize products based on the market power and price discrimination practices of manufacturers. There are four other barrier entry provisions for various markets. First, there is the denial of entry into a market or the lack of possible competition. Next, a company may own a key resource that provides exclusive rights to that market. Another point is when the government allows a single seller the right to produce or provide certain goods. Finally, the cost of production equals a single producer being more efficient versus the cost of production via a large number of producers. The characteristics, price determinations, and barriers of entry into competitive markets play essential roles in the economy. The characteristic of each market provides buyers and sellers to understand and make business decisions for the success of the economy. The economy as a whole benefits from how market structures abide by the rules and regulations of profit maximizing. References Mankiw, N. G. (2007). Principles of economics (4th Ed. ) Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning. Riley, Geoff. September. 2006. A2 markets Market systems. Market structures. Retrieved on January 22nd, 2012 from http://tutor2u. net/economics How to cite Structures and Maximizing Profits, Essay examples

Sustainability Auditing Reporting and Assurance

Question: Discuss about the Sustainability Auditing Reporting and Assurance. Answer: Introduction: There are a host of factors which can be identified in the case about One Tel which has direct relevance for the inherent risk concerned with financial reporting. One of first ones in this regards is the lack of management integrity which poses a sizable inherent risk in context of financial reporting. Due to lack of integrity on the part of management, it is highly likely that there is lack of transparency and also there are intentional impediments to access of information by the external auditor so that the wrongdoings and misrepresentations are not detected. Besides, the involvement of management in auditor appointment could directly lead to issues pertaining to auditor independence and hence diminish the overall audit work quality. Besides, direct intervention, it is likely that the auditor is not given requisite leeway and is under constant supervision of management which enhances the overall risk of misrepresentation in the financial statements (Purdy, 2010). The interference o f key management personnel cannot be ruled out as it is pivotal for the management to atleast match the shareholders expectations. Yet another factor that contributed to the increase in the financial reporting related inherent risk is the lack of knowledge possessed by the management coupled with their respective experience levels. As a result of this, it is highly likely that the financial statements so prepared may be misrepresented and the same would not be detected by the management. Besides, this also has indirect effect as efficient employees do not want to be associated with such a management and hence make an exit which makes the organisation more susceptible to frauds in reporting (Elder et al., 2011). The information provided in the case makes it apparent that there is lack of industry experience on behalf of the directors and thus this could directly as well as indirectly contribute to the increased risk of financial misrepresentation. Yet another factor which contributes to increased inherent risk levels in financial reporting domain is the high management involvement. Hence, this could potentially lead to financial misrepresentation which has support from the highest echelons and therefore difficult to rectify internally. As a result of these frauds, it is quite possible that in the long run, the company may face issues related to liquidity and may face bankruptcy. This risk is worsened because of the linkage established between EPS (Earnings per Share) and the remuneration drawn from the various top management executives. The concentration of power is evident from the case study relating to One Tel and clearly this leads to enhanced inherent risk (Covello et al., 2012). Further this power concentration leads to the higher chances of mismanagement as the board reviews are superficial and thus ineffective. At the time of entry, any new player tends to experience a high degree of inherent risk due to its quest for revenue generation and brand building amongst the consumers. In addition, the transactions with related party particularly management and their companies also increase the inherent risk associated with reporting (Tuncel and Alpan, 2010). Based on the information provided, it is apparent that One Tel is a relatively new entrant in the telecommunication industry which is highly competitive due to the presence of players such as Vodafone and Telstra. As a result, there is significant degree of uncertainty as to whether the company would be able to create a niche for itself or not. Also, the fact that the company has a host of offices for operational reasons also tends to enhance the overall financial statements complexity. Usually, such issues need to be faced using a domain expert but if the management does ahead and makes attempts to manage internally, the likelihood of misrepr esentation may rise (Junior et al., 2014). With regards to One Tel, it is apparent that the company is experiencing pressure with regards to revenue creation and branding which may enhance the likelihood for misreporting so as to satiate the shareholders (Griffiths, 2012). Besides, the management also exerts pressure on the personnel who are directly involved in the financial statements preparation. One of the common ways to achieve the same is through time pressure which can potentially enhance the likelihood for errors. This pressure is also apparent in One Tel based on the case study given and therefore enhances the overall inherent risk. Additionally, management pressure may also require alterations in the financial statements with the intent of incentive maximisation. The management does not always overstate the EPS and may also understate the EPS so as to being the stock price down and hence accumulate huge piles of stocks which could be liquidated at an opportune time (Merna and Al-Thani, 2011). Besides, the impact of underlying economic conditions on the misrepresentation in the financial statements cannot be undermined. Besides, at times, the management intentionally uses calculations that are complex in nature which ensures that there is high risk with regards to interpretation of the information contained in the financial statements. Besides, with consideration to the ever evolving technology in the telecom industry, there is high likelihood of inventory misstatement primarily caused due to high rate of inventory obsolescence thus leading to losses (Knechel et al., 2012). In order to hide these losses, it is quite possible that the management engages in financial statement misrepresentation thereby adding to the overall inherent risk. Therefore, from the above discussion, it may be inferred that high amount of inherent risk in relation to financial reporting is caused by excess management interference and control besides lack of integrity on their part which is worsened by limited exposure to the industry. Besides, these factors tend to lead to the interference with unbiased and efficient working of various control measure and hence contribute to the risk. Additionally, the situation also worsens due to the industry dynamics and One Tel being a new entrant in the space. Hence, immediate measures need to be considered by the company in order to manage these burgeoning sources of inherent risk which could prove disastrous for the company going forward (Louwers et al., 2013). In relation to the inherent risk with regards to the account balance, one of the potential risk is the likelihood of usage of faulty practices and procedures on part of the auditor which eventually would lead to higher misrepresentation risk in the various balances pertaining to different accounts (Arens et al., 2010). In line with the information provided, it is clear that the management tends to have a high interference with regards to the auditor appointment and the functioning of the same especially in terms of the available information and hence leads to high incidence of inherent risk related to account balances misstatement dictated by the self-serving intention of the management. Further, the account balances are adjusted so that the true extent of losses are hidden from the shareholders and the company ends up indicating high profits that support the share price and hence result in high inherent risk of balances misstatement. The high stock prices enable the management to arrange for incremental financing by way of equity dilution. It is apparent based on the case facts provided that the company for making new clients is offering very low prices which commercially are not viable and hence leading to humongous losses which could not be reflected in the financial statements as it would dent the investor confidence in the stock and would have adverse impact on the incentives of the key executives (Hayes et al., 2014). Based on the current industry position of the company, another critical aspect which requires to be highlighted is the accounts receivable balance which is particularly susceptible n the given environment. The main intention of inflating this could be to highlight the fact that company has indeed generated revenue which would be collected over due period of time. Thus, this gives the impression to the shareholders that indeed the companys business indeed is successful with regards to revenue generation and market penetration (Alali and Yeh, 2012). For a new player like One Tel, clearly this poses significant inherent risk dedicated towards the aim of generation of revenue for business. It is imperative that once the account receivables are stated, they must be promptly converted into cash but it is highly unlikely for the company that this transformation would actually take place. As a result, overdue on the account receivables would tend to swell. This is apparent for One Tel company and thereby hints towards the manipulation of financial statements pertaining to the performance of the company which has been misstated with the intention of misguiding the potential and current investors in the company. One of the contributory reasons for the same are the lacklustre controls (both internal and external) whose efficiency has been hampered due to interference from the management (Florea and Florea, 2012). Yet another risk that is faced is with relation to the account balance of inventory which can potentially be misstated considering the innate nature of the industry where technology obsolescence is common. Hence, it is likely that inventory after a particular time duration would lose value as the users tend to switch to a new technology and therefore losses are encountered by the company which instead of being captured in the financial statements are actually concealed. Also, the processing system functioning at the One Tel company is not effective and its dynamics are not fully appreciated or understood by the users but attempts have been made by the company to hide the same (Griffiths, 2012). Also, in relation to the inventory account balance being misrepresented, the impact of the same would also be reflected in the COGS (Cost of Goods Sold) and hence the income statement would be misrepresented at each level thus undermining the accuracy and utility of financial statements (Bratt en et al., 2013). This is apparently one of the concerns being faced by the company. With regards to the going concern principle, the intention is to establish the continuity of the business in the foreseeable future taking into consideration the underlying liquidity and solvency issues that may be confronting the business. Depending upon the underlying level of risk associated with the given business, the going concern has three main levels i.e. low, medium and high which is indicative of chances of continuity of business (Knechel et al., 2012). For arriving at a conclusion in this regard, it is required that operational financial review of the business must be done keeping in mind the long term horizon. The parameters that reflect upon the operational performance of the business can opine on the likely impact of various business actions or situations that crop up. For example, in the case of any major dealer leaving the dealership of the company, the firm would be impacted and the same needs to be ascertained with regards to the going concern level. Further, the firms during its operations must function in a manner that is consistent with the law of the land so as to ensure that legal liabilities are minimised and thus do not lead to the business liquidation. With regards to company i.e. One Tel, since the prime focus is on customer acquisition being the new entrant, hence the underlying technology along with marketing initiatives are key to the determination of the going concern of the company going ahead (Vona, 2012). Also, the balance sheet of the company tends to highlight the outstanding liabilities for the company and the asset level it has to meet these liabilities on a sustainable basis which enables an opinion on going concern. Additional factor is the extent of leverage as the business operational cash flows should be sufficient to meet the interest and repayment liabilities associated with the same. In case, that the companys balance sheet has high outstanding debts which the company cannot afford to pay based on the assets that it has, it clearly indicates that for the business there is low going concern since the business may become insolvent. Also, the dividend payment along with prompt repayment of debt acts as critical factors for determination of level of going concern (Arens et. al., 2013). References: Alali, FA Yeh, CL 2012, Cloud computing: Overview and risk analysis, Journal of Information Systems, Vol. 26, No.2, pp.13-33. Arens, A, Best, P, Shailer, G Fiedler,I 2010, Auditing, Assurance Services and Ethics in Australia, 3rd eds., Pearson Australia, Sydney. Bratten, B, Gaynor, LM, McDaniel, L, Montague, NR Sierra, GE 2013, The audit of fair values and other estimates: The effects of underlying environmental, task, and auditor-specific factors.Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory,Vol. 32, No.1, pp.7-44. Covello, VT, Flamm, WG, Rodricks, JV, Tardiff, RG (Eds.) 2012, The analysis of actual versus perceived risks(Vol. 1). Springer Science Business Media, Berlin Elder, RJ, Beasley, MS, Arens, AA 2011,Auditing and Assurance services, 4th eds., Pearson Higher Education, London Florea, R Florea, R 2012, The Implications of Inherent Risks' Assessment in Audit Risk Limitation.Economy Transdisciplinarity Cognition, Vol. 15, No.1, p.45 Griffiths, MP 2012, Risk-based auditing, 2nd eds., Gower Publishing, Ltd, London Hayes, R, Wallage, P, Gortemaker, H 2014,Principles of auditing: an introduction to international standards on auditing, 3rd eds., Pearson Higher Education, London Junior, RM, Best, PJ Cotter, J 2014, Sustainability reporting and assurance: a historical analysis on a world-wide phenomenon.Journal of Business Ethics,Vol. 120, No.1, pp.1-11. Knechel, WR, Krishnan, GV, Pevzner, M, Shefchik, LB Velury, UK 2012, Audit quality: Insights from the academic literature.Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory,Vol. 32, No.1, pp.385-421. Louwers, TJ, Ramsay, RJ, Sinason, DH, Strawser, JR, Thibodeau, JC 2013,Auditing and assurance services, 4th eds., McGraw-Hill, New York Purdy, G 2010, ISO 31000: 2009setting a new standard for risk management.Risk analysis,Vol. 30, No.6, pp.881-886. Tuncel, G Alpan, G 2010, Risk assessment and management for supply chain networks: A case study.Computers in industry, Vol. 61, No.3, pp.250-259. Vona, LW 2012,Fraud risk assessment: Building a fraud audit program, 4th eds., John Wiley Sons, New York.